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Quarterly National Accounts Quarter 4 2022

Compensation of Employees

An increase in Compensation of Employees by 0.9% in Q4 2022

Online ISSN: 2009-5775

CSO statistical release, 03 March 2023, 11am

Table 7.1 Compensation of Employees by Nace Rev. 2 A10 Sector of Origin, Q4 2022¹
	Amount €m	Quarterly % change
Public Admin, Education and Health	8,546	-2.0
Distribution, Transport, Hotels and Restaurants	5,250	6.2
Industry (excl. Construction)	4,024	1.0
Professional, Admin and Support Services	3,743	0.3
Information and Communication	2,925	0.8
Financial and Insurance Activities	2,421	2.0
Construction	1,419	-1.5
Arts, Entertainment and Other Services	573	-1.1
Real Estate Activities	257	10.7
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing	219	5.7
Total	29,378	0.9
¹Constant Market Prices, seasonally adjusted.

Open in Excel: Quarterly National Accounts Q4 2022 Table 7.1 (XLS 9KB)

This quarter, data on Compensation of Employees by Nace Rev. A10 Sector of Origin at Constant Market Prices has been included in the Quarterly National Accounts.

On a seasonally adjusted basis, total Compensation of Employees increased by 0.9% this quarter compared to the previous quarter. Most sectors experienced an increase this quarter. Largest increase in growth quarter on quarter can be seen in Real Estate Activities (10.7%). Public Admin, Education and Health had the largest decrease of 2.0% this quarter compared to the previous.

`-	Constant	Current
2016Q1	3.5876523076121	1.57132125528771
2016Q2	1.38000820287683	1.49221403386616
2016Q3	0.0416754307005668	2.24045965426481
2016Q4	0.569196360556026	1.53445990547454
2017Q1	3.55582487501894	2.03406975380087
2017Q2	-1.77312286468309	1.38933013839583
2017Q3	4.2964069308279	1.45117952218418
2017Q4	-0.00314151206279612	1.77383470861527
2018Q1	-0.483236854603	0.316358007677002
2018Q2	3.63650452128794	2.87700219022162
2018Q3	0.197679667160772	1.92021159474007
2018Q4	2.2171299703414	1.1406560203258
2019Q1	0.86929987871672	2.89845839711945
2019Q2	0.784189538063772	1.8206907606799
2019Q3	0.653086192255594	0.251371024499964
2019Q4	0.542777052598682	2.25697058204004
2020Q1	-1.5635999253623	1.81445205502619
2020Q2	-11.7750352227366	-11.3018714799693
2020Q3	13.3247707246976	7.31677377287419
2020Q4	-1.67095130391195	6.14862671374245
2021Q1	-1.06452605332368	-2.44752453527888
2021Q2	5.47816982597033	5.16199823111373
2021Q3	1.68980248274898	5.26477077339787
2021Q4	3.46222380482683	1.96879608591152
2022Q1	2.04689335249944	2.42366661509777
2022Q2	0.619026199798265	2.35681411874967
2022Q3	0.184733980315233	2.01795832105836
2022Q4	0.915783630487827	1.57296209283423

	Q4 2022	Q4 2021
Public Admin, Education and Health	8.7234128659	8.5195521991
Distribution, Transport, Hotels and Restaurants	5.1555055585	4.7692074471
Industry (excl. Construction)	3.9001889215	3.5908875417
Professional, Admin and Support Services	3.648583287	3.7171509572
Information and Communication	2.8775530286	2.7974576718
Financial and Insurance Activities	2.3745948669	2.2707007541
Construction	1.3845959763	1.2571206016
Arts, Entertainment and Other Services	0.56768039931	0.61367386555
Real Estate Activities	0.26440109079	0.27295478096
Agriculture Forestry and Fishing	0.21676328915	0.2230809989

The fourth quarter of 2022 sees Compensation of Employees increase by 3.9% compared to the corresponding period of the previous year. Most of the sectors experienced growth this quarter compared to the corresponding period. Largest increase can be seen in Construction (10.1%). Arts, Entertainment and Other Services had the largest decrease of 7.5% compared to the same period in the previous year.

	Foreign	Domestic
Q1 2019	8.32363322452	16.58093506316
Q2 2019	7.92175249646	17.2470695691
Q3 2019	7.76931721598	17.09930191653
Q4 2019	8.1740333634	17.86402905458
Q1 2020	9.13295502354	17.3407344602
Q2 2020	8.10328839483	15.20132462598
Q3 2020	8.02467845421	16.56292599403
Q4 2020	8.79998917425	18.15231802388
Q1 2021	9.37432471679	16.6938347268
Q2 2021	9.12460591602	18.14449022112
Q3 2021	8.86392775622	19.34230592225
Q4 2021	9.61218448715	20.04096121507
Q1 2022	11.11289970996	18.99604367704
Q2 2022	10.64432860791	20.00320084709
Q3 2022	10.35757671345	20.39792498555
Q4 2022	10.83356248165	21.36477315435

In the final quarter of 2022, just over 66% of total Compensation of Employees comes from domestic enterprises leaving just under 34% coming from foreign enterprises.

	Q4 2022	Q4 2021
Public Admin, Education and Health	649.98304	637.40375
Distribution, Transport, Hotels and Restaurants	539.63082	507.53505
Industry (excl. Construction)	304.38534	293.53885
Professional, Admin and Support Services	226.49997	219.27187
Information and Communication	149.61286	151.66957
Financial and Insurance Activities	114.82664	116.45595
Construction	116.62419	113.28256
Arts, Entertainment and Other Services	82.70056	80.97221
Real Estate Activities	9.48925	8.62162
Agriculture Forestry and Fishing	25.66652	25.7184

Table 7.2 Compensation of Employees¹ by Nace Rev. 2 A10 Sector² of Origin at Constant Market Prices (Chain linked annually and referenced to year 2020)

Table 7.2 Compensation of Employees¹ by Nace Rev. A10 Sector of Origin at Constant Market Prices (Chain linked annually and referenced to year 2020)²												€million
Period	Agriculture Forestry and Fishing	Industry (excl. Constr.)	of which Manufacturing	Construction	Distribution, Transport, Hotels and Restaurants	Information and Comm.	Financial and Insurance Activities	Real Estate Activities	Professional, Admin and Support Services	Public Admin, Education and Health	Arts, Entertainment and Other Services	Total
2016	995	13,214	11,831	3,667	18,204	7,301	7,340	893	11,698	25,892	2,469	91,526
2017	928	13,939	12,264	4,116	19,113	7,891	7,407	891	12,234	27,345	2,521	96,212
2018	890	13,984	12,352	4,677	19,723	8,361	7,199	857	13,228	29,326	2,630	100,652
2019	870	14,476	12,712	4,872	19,955	8,875	7,940	886	13,919	31,222	2,507	105,373
2020	824	14,392	12,835	4,108	17,583	9,155	8,520	885	13,615	30,330	1,902	101,313
2021	936	14,833	13,282	4,397	18,131	10,365	8,808	1,004	14,449	33,037	2,067	108,029
2022	844	15,848	13,948	5,608	20,406	11,676	9,431	1,089	14,972	34,230	2,303	116,406

2016
Q1	228	3,242	2,859	852	4,467	1,857	1,822	206	2,853	6,532	620	22,661
Q2	278	3,356	3,016	943	4,497	1,843	1,917	247	2,943	6,776	630	23,403
Q3	255	3,379	3,028	948	4,641	1,840	1,820	217	2,988	5,902	624	22,528
Q4	233	3,237	2,929	924	4,598	1,761	1,780	224	2,913	6,682	595	22,933
2017
Q1	229	3,478	3,065	1,019	4,752	1,959	1,929	242	3,053	6,945	614	24,191
Q2	259	3,390	2,985	994	4,734	1,882	1,776	221	3,098	6,778	627	23,711
Q3	234	3,641	3,179	1,043	4,796	2,106	1,910	217	3,083	6,430	648	24,025
Q4	206	3,431	3,034	1,060	4,831	1,944	1,793	210	3,000	7,192	632	24,285
2018
Q1	218	3,444	3,039	1,090	4,674	2,064	1,804	195	3,120	7,214	646	24,421
Q2	229	3,538	3,115	1,215	4,977	2,073	1,883	233	3,450	7,612	644	25,808
Q3	228	3,601	3,197	1,238	4,972	2,209	1,727	184	3,343	6,708	696	24,799
Q4	215	3,402	3,002	1,134	5,100	2,015	1,785	244	3,315	7,791	645	25,624
2019
Q1	215	3,655	3,206	1,150	5,042	2,134	1,955	221	3,537	7,990	608	26,475
Q2	229	3,600	3,114	1,243	5,018	2,212	2,011	241	3,546	7,906	650	26,614
Q3	200	3,709	3,278	1,240	4,984	2,346	2,010	215	3,408	7,256	627	25,964
Q4	227	3,513	3,115	1,238	4,911	2,183	1,965	209	3,428	8,069	622	26,320
2020
Q1	226	3,578	3,191	1,182	4,935	2,232	2,095	221	3,614	7,946	606	26,608
Q2	179	3,276	2,909	648	3,520	2,310	2,327	214	3,295	7,395	293	23,507
Q3	204	3,813	3,364	1,165	4,749	2,272	2,092	235	3,505	7,065	608	25,711
Q4	215	3,726	3,372	1,113	4,379	2,340	2,005	215	3,202	7,923	394	25,487
2021
Q1	227	3,840	3,505	861	3,979	2,532	2,162	190	3,356	8,264	352	25,764
Q2	262	3,855	3,457	1,063	4,422	2,507	2,287	233	3,695	8,650	492	27,466
Q3	225	3,547	3,128	1,216	4,961	2,529	2,088	308	3,681	7,603	609	26,767
Q4	223	3,591	3,192	1,257	4,769	2,797	2,271	273	3,717	8,520	614	28,032
2022
Q1	203	3,872	3,429	1,357	5,025	2,994	2,375	345	3,801	8,829	586	29,385
Q2	225	3,996	3,538	1,388	5,219	2,939	2,385	243	3,806	8,655	562	29,419
Q3	198	4,080	3,569	1,478	5,007	2,865	2,297	237	3,716	8,022	588	28,488
Q4	217	3,900	3,412	1,385	5,156	2,878	2,375	264	3,649	8,723	568	29,113

Percentage change on corresponding period of previous year
2016	7.7	8.1	8.0	18.1	5.8	4.0	6.4	0.1	5.3	3.5	7.3	5.7
2017	-6.7	5.5	3.7	12.3	5.0	8.1	0.9	-0.3	4.6	5.6	2.1	5.1
2018	-4.1	0.3	0.7	13.6	3.2	6.0	-2.8	-3.8	8.1	7.2	4.3	4.6
2019	-2.2	3.5	2.9	4.2	1.2	6.1	10.3	3.4	5.2	6.5	-4.7	4.7
2020	-5.3	-0.6	1.0	-15.7	-11.9	3.2	7.3	-0.1	-2.2	-2.9	-24.1	-3.9
2021	13.6	3.1	3.5	7.0	3.1	13.2	3.4	13.5	6.1	8.9	8.7	6.6
2022	-9.9	6.8	5.0	27.5	12.5	12.6	7.1	8.5	3.6	3.6	11.4	7.8

2016
Q1	1.5	6.2	4.4	16.4	7.4	5.9	4.5	-16.6	11.1	0.5	11.0	5.1
Q2	9.9	9.7	9.6	21.1	5.2	5.2	9.6	0.3	4.7	6.8	8.3	7.2
Q3	8.9	7.2	7.8	16.2	7.8	3.6	5.1	1.2	-0.1	2.8	5.6	5.0
Q4	10.2	9.3	10.2	18.5	3.0	1.3	6.2	20.6	6.2	3.7	4.4	5.3
2017
Q1	0.3	7.3	7.2	19.7	6.4	5.5	5.8	17.6	7.0	6.3	-1.1	6.7
Q2	-6.8	1.0	-1.0	5.4	5.3	2.1	-7.4	-10.5	5.2	0.0	-0.4	1.3
Q3	-8.4	7.7	5.0	10.0	3.3	14.5	4.9	0.2	3.2	8.9	3.9	6.6
Q4	-11.7	6.0	3.6	14.8	5.1	10.4	0.7	-6.2	3.0	7.6	6.2	5.9
2018
Q1	-4.6	-1.0	-0.9	6.9	-1.7	5.4	-6.5	-19.2	2.2	3.9	5.2	1.0
Q2	-11.7	4.4	4.3	22.2	5.1	10.2	6.1	5.5	11.4	12.3	2.7	8.8
Q3	-2.7	-1.1	0.6	18.7	3.7	4.9	-9.6	-15.3	8.4	4.3	7.3	3.2
Q4	4.6	-0.9	-1.1	7.0	5.6	3.7	-0.4	16.2	10.5	8.3	2.2	5.5
2019
Q1	-1.5	6.1	5.5	5.6	7.9	3.4	8.4	13.1	13.4	10.8	-5.8	8.4
Q2	-0.1	1.7	-0.0	2.3	0.8	6.7	6.8	3.3	2.8	3.9	1.0	3.1
Q3	-12.1	3.0	2.5	0.2	0.2	6.2	16.4	16.7	1.9	8.2	-9.9	4.7
Q4	5.4	3.3	3.8	9.2	-3.7	8.3	10.1	-14.3	3.4	3.6	-3.6	2.7
2020
Q1	5.2	-2.1	-0.5	2.7	-2.1	4.6	7.2	0.2	2.2	-0.5	-0.3	0.5
Q2	-21.7	-9.0	-6.6	-47.9	-29.9	4.4	15.7	-11.2	-7.1	-6.5	-55.0	-11.7
Q3	2.2	2.8	2.6	-6.0	-4.7	-3.2	4.1	9.2	2.8	-2.6	-2.9	-1.0
Q4	-5.3	6.1	8.3	-10.1	-10.8	7.2	2.1	2.7	-6.6	-1.8	-36.6	-3.2
2021
Q1	0.4	7.3	9.9	-27.1	-19.4	13.4	3.2	-14.1	-7.1	4.0	-41.9	-3.2
Q2	46.2	17.7	18.8	64.1	25.6	8.5	-1.7	9.2	12.1	17.0	67.9	16.8
Q3	9.9	-7.0	-7.0	4.3	4.5	11.3	-0.2	31.2	5.0	7.6	0.1	4.1
Q4	3.8	-3.6	-5.3	13.0	8.9	19.5	13.2	26.9	16.1	7.5	55.6	10.0
2022
Q1	-10.4	0.8	-2.2	57.5	26.3	18.2	9.8	81.3	13.3	6.8	66.3	14.1
Q2	-14.0	3.7	2.4	30.6	18.0	17.3	4.3	4.2	3.0	0.1	14.3	7.1
Q3	-11.7	15.0	14.1	21.6	0.9	13.3	10.0	-22.9	0.9	5.5	-3.5	6.4
Q4	-2.8	8.6	6.9	10.1	8.1	2.9	4.6	-3.1	-1.8	2.4	-7.5	3.9
¹Compensation of employees is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done. Compensation of employees is made up of the following components: (a) wages and salaries and (b) employers’ social contributions.
²Chain linked series not additive

Open in Excel: Quarterly National Accounts Q4 2022 Table 7.2 (XLS 25KB)

Table 7.3 Compensation of Employees¹ by Nace Rev. 2 A10 Sector² of Origin at Constant Market Prices - Seasonally Adjusted (Chain linked annually and referenced to year 2020)

Table 7.3 Compensation of Employees¹ by Nace Rev. 2 A10 Sector of Origin at Constant Market Prices- Seasonally Adjusted (Chain linked annually and referenced to year 2020)²												€million
Period	Agriculture Forestry and Fishing	Industry (excl. Constr.)	of which Manufacturing	Construction	Distribution, Transport, Hotels and Restaurants	Information and Comm.	Financial and Insurance Activities	Real Estate Activities	Professional, Admin and Support Services	Public Admin, Education and Health	Arts, Entertainment and Other Services	Total
2016
Q1	238	3,234	2,852	866	4,499	1,839	1,818	220	2,864	6,446	625	22,651
Q2	255	3,348	3,025	924	4,497	1,830	1,869	228	2,897	6,489	627	22,963
Q3	251	3,311	2,971	924	4,626	1,812	1,820	220	2,953	6,439	616	22,973
Q4	250	3,327	2,987	951	4,584	1,823	1,838	225	2,996	6,509	600	23,104
2017
Q1	237	3,469	3,060	1,039	4,778	1,939	1,924	236	3,058	6,627	618	23,925
Q2	238	3,379	2,992	972	4,733	1,872	1,716	223	3,029	6,715	624	23,501
Q3	232	3,557	3,108	1,019	4,780	2,063	1,922	220	3,066	7,011	641	24,510
Q4	220	3,537	3,106	1,089	4,836	2,017	1,857	211	3,092	7,012	637	24,510
2018
Q1	224	3,434	3,031	1,111	4,679	2,042	1,795	212	3,115	7,129	650	24,391
Q2	211	3,529	3,125	1,189	4,984	2,065	1,809	212	3,359	7,279	641	25,278
Q3	228	3,510	3,117	1,211	4,940	2,164	1,748	185	3,346	7,309	688	25,328
Q4	227	3,509	3,080	1,162	5,134	2,089	1,852	246	3,415	7,605	651	25,890
2019
Q1	220	3,651	3,199	1,171	5,035	2,110	1,941	218	3,525	7,631	613	26,115
Q2	211	3,585	3,117	1,221	5,023	2,201	1,924	245	3,444	7,818	648	26,320
Q3	204	3,616	3,198	1,213	4,937	2,313	2,049	213	3,427	7,901	619	26,492
Q4	236	3,623	3,200	1,267	4,974	2,252	2,033	209	3,528	7,886	628	26,635
2020
Q1	232	3,576	3,181	1,198	4,919	2,201	2,074	220	3,595	7,592	611	26,219
Q2	165	3,261	2,909	640	3,519	2,299	2,229	220	3,203	7,307	290	23,132
Q3	211	3,717	3,286	1,139	4,694	2,260	2,144	231	3,529	7,688	601	26,214
Q4	221	3,842	3,468	1,138	4,458	2,400	2,066	213	3,290	7,749	400	25,776
2021
Q1	234	3,843	3,496	870	3,961	2,488	2,138	201	3,336	8,074	357	25,501
Q2	240	3,830	3,444	1,056	4,415	2,491	2,193	228	3,600	8,356	489	26,898
Q3	234	3,463	3,064	1,186	4,901	2,542	2,151	302	3,703	8,271	601	27,353
Q4	227	3,704	3,286	1,288	4,861	2,855	2,327	267	3,816	8,337	619	28,300
2022
Q1	211	3,874	3,416	1,364	5,002	2,928	2,344	344	3,777	8,446	590	28,879
Q2	206	3,969	3,520	1,385	5,211	2,923	2,293	256	3,717	8,539	559	29,058
Q3	207	3,982	3,500	1,440	4,943	2,901	2,374	232	3,732	8,719	580	29,112
Q4	219	4,024	3,515	1,419	5,250	2,925	2,421	257	3,743	8,546	573	29,378

Percentage change on previous quarter
2016
Q1	4.8	6.9	5.9	7.7	1.1	2.8	5.5	19.4	2.0	2.7	8.7	3.6
Q2	6.9	3.5	6.1	6.7	-0.0	-0.5	2.8	3.3	1.1	0.7	0.3	1.4
Q3	-1.4	-1.1	-1.8	0.0	2.9	-1.0	-2.6	-3.4	1.9	-0.8	-1.7	0.0
Q4	-0.5	0.5	0.5	2.9	-0.9	0.6	1.0	2.1	1.5	1.1	-2.6	0.6
2017
Q1	-5.0	4.3	2.5	9.3	4.2	6.4	4.6	4.9	2.1	1.8	3.0	3.6
Q2	0.1	-2.6	-2.2	-6.5	-0.9	-3.5	-10.8	-5.3	-0.9	1.3	1.0	-1.8
Q3	-2.3	5.3	3.9	4.9	1.0	10.2	12.0	-1.3	1.2	4.4	2.6	4.3
Q4	-5.4	-0.6	-0.1	6.9	1.2	-2.2	-3.3	-3.9	0.8	0.0	-0.5	-0.0
2018
Q1	2.1	-2.9	-2.4	1.9	-3.2	1.2	-3.3	0.3	0.7	1.7	2.1	-0.5
Q2	-5.7	2.8	3.1	7.1	6.5	1.1	0.8	0.1	7.8	2.1	-1.4	3.6
Q3	8.0	-0.5	-0.3	1.9	-0.9	4.8	-3.4	-13.0	-0.4	0.4	7.3	0.2
Q4	-0.6	-0.0	-1.2	-4.1	3.9	-3.5	6.0	33.0	2.1	4.1	-5.4	2.2
2019
Q1	-3.0	4.0	3.9	0.8	-1.9	1.0	4.8	-11.3	3.2	0.3	-5.9	0.9
Q2	-3.9	-1.8	-2.6	4.3	-0.2	4.3	-0.9	12.5	-2.3	2.4	5.7	0.8
Q3	-3.7	0.9	2.6	-0.7	-1.7	5.1	6.5	-12.9	-0.5	1.1	-4.4	0.7
Q4	15.8	0.2	0.1	4.4	0.8	-2.6	-0.8	-2.1	2.9	-0.2	1.4	0.5
2020
Q1	-1.6	-1.3	-0.6	-5.4	-1.1	-2.3	2.0	5.3	1.9	-3.7	-2.7	-1.6
Q2	-28.9	-8.8	-8.6	-46.6	-28.5	4.4	7.4	-0.1	-10.9	-3.8	-52.5	-11.8
Q3	27.7	14.0	13.0	77.8	33.4	-1.7	-3.8	5.2	10.2	5.2	107.1	13.3
Q4	4.8	3.4	5.5	-0.0	-5.0	6.2	-3.7	-8.0	-6.8	0.8	-33.4	-1.7
2021
Q1	6.1	0.0	0.8	-23.6	-11.1	3.6	3.5	-5.3	1.4	4.2	-10.8	-1.1
Q2	2.4	-0.3	-1.5	21.5	11.5	0.1	2.6	13.3	7.9	3.5	36.9	5.5
Q3	-2.5	-9.6	-11.0	12.3	11.0	2.0	-1.9	32.3	2.9	-1.0	23.0	1.7
Q4	-3.0	7.0	7.2	8.6	-0.8	12.3	8.2	-11.6	3.1	0.8	3.0	3.5
2022
Q1	-7.1	4.6	4.0	5.9	2.9	2.6	0.8	28.7	-1.0	1.3	-4.7	2.0
Q2	-2.2	2.5	3.0	1.6	4.2	-0.2	-2.2	-25.5	-1.6	1.1	-5.3	0.6
Q3	0.7	0.3	-0.6	4.0	-5.1	-0.7	3.5	-9.3	0.4	2.1	3.7	0.2
Q4	5.7	1.0	0.4	-1.5	6.2	0.8	2.0	10.7	0.3	-2.0	-1.1	0.9
¹Compensation of employees is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done. Compensation of employees is made up of the following components: (a) wages and salaries and (b) employers’ social contributions.
²Chain linked series not additive

Open in Excel: Quarterly National Accounts Q4 2022 Table 7.3 (XLS 21KB)

Table 7.4 Compensation of Employees¹ by Nace Rev. 2 A10 Sector² of Origin at Current Market Prices

Table 7.4 Compensation of Employees¹ by Nace Rev. 2 A10² Sector of Origin at Current Market Prices												€million
Period	Agriculture Forestry and Fishing	Industry (excl. Constr.)	of which Manufacturing	Construction	Distribution, Transport, Hotels and Restaurants	Information and Comm.	Financial and Insurance Activities	Real Estate Activities	Professional, Admin and Support Services	Public Admin, Education and Health	Arts, Entertainment and Other Services	Total
2016	681	11,380	10,032	2,946	17,156	6,079	7,126	711	9,799	24,623	1,954	82,455
2017	705	12,095	10,658	3,510	18,092	6,783	7,541	774	10,833	25,904	2,027	88,264
2018	727	13,175	11,682	3,876	18,666	7,537	7,770	849	11,866	27,209	2,148	93,824
2019	777	14,195	12,648	4,151	19,570	8,416	8,279	911	13,438	29,020	2,217	100,974
2020	824	14,392	12,835	4,108	17,583	9,155	8,520	885	13,615	30,330	1,902	101,313
2021	873	15,501	13,922	4,709	19,393	10,739	9,129	957	15,237	32,561	2,095	111,194
2022	883	16,931	15,232	5,443	22,430	12,404	9,449	1,041	17,233	35,388	2,506	123,708

2016
Q1	169	2,806	2,468	665	4,051	1,519	1,931	175	2,337	6,006	480	20,139
Q2	171	2,764	2,452	756	4,233	1,482	1,732	186	2,401	6,153	478	20,358
Q3	171	2,896	2,542	743	4,356	1,521	1,710	160	2,466	6,137	498	20,661
Q4	169	2,914	2,570	781	4,516	1,556	1,751	191	2,595	6,327	498	21,298
2017
Q1	176	3,048	2,678	890	4,301	1,636	2,066	222	2,646	6,238	490	21,713
Q2	179	2,939	2,590	861	4,512	1,631	1,836	187	2,733	6,458	506	21,842
Q3	176	3,022	2,663	852	4,491	1,746	1,818	179	2,703	6,491	503	21,980
Q4	175	3,085	2,727	908	4,788	1,770	1,821	187	2,750	6,716	528	22,729
2018
Q1	180	3,344	2,978	874	4,363	1,806	2,098	193	2,829	6,575	528	22,789
Q2	183	3,207	2,828	968	4,652	1,857	1,969	233	2,972	6,776	516	23,333
Q3	182	3,291	2,915	1,028	4,709	2,025	1,779	181	2,953	6,785	565	23,498
Q4	182	3,334	2,961	1,007	4,943	1,849	1,924	243	3,111	7,073	539	24,203
2019
Q1	201	3,571	3,185	952	4,713	2,068	2,268	226	3,301	7,071	533	24,903
Q2	192	3,552	3,170	1,034	4,882	2,030	2,031	232	3,332	7,331	551	25,167
Q3	186	3,408	3,009	1,056	4,925	2,158	1,921	220	3,298	7,135	560	24,867
Q4	199	3,664	3,285	1,109	5,050	2,160	2,059	233	3,507	7,483	573	26,036
2020
Q1	209	3,714	3,312	1,049	4,905	2,344	2,367	249	3,634	7,445	555	26,472
Q2	207	3,407	3,048	741	3,646	2,143	2,075	195	3,074	7,447	369	23,303
Q3	198	3,409	3,012	1,099	4,402	2,284	1,959	212	3,195	7,343	486	24,586
Q4	210	3,862	3,463	1,220	4,630	2,384	2,118	228	3,712	8,096	492	26,951
2021
Q1	219	3,765	3,374	909	4,186	2,611	2,493	226	3,595	7,637	427	26,067
Q2	216	3,847	3,455	1,142	4,558	2,562	2,268	226	3,790	8,177	483	27,268
Q3	211	3,757	3,365	1,304	5,179	2,742	2,069	242	3,768	8,358	576	28,205
Q4	227	4,133	3,728	1,355	5,471	2,824	2,299	263	4,083	8,389	609	29,652
2022
Q1	224	4,205	3,797	1,212	5,187	3,065	2,612	261	4,249	8,500	593	30,108
Q2	219	4,278	3,852	1,355	5,625	3,024	2,294	252	4,270	8,707	624	30,647
Q3	213	4,087	3,656	1,428	5,798	3,142	2,196	257	4,276	8,717	641	30,755
Q4	227	4,362	3,926	1,448	5,820	3,173	2,346	271	4,439	9,464	648	32,198

Percentage change on corresponding period of previous year
2016	4.2	4.6	5.1	19.4	7.9	11.9	1.4	11.9	12.1	3.3	6.0	6.5
2017	3.6	6.3	6.2	19.2	5.5	11.6	5.8	8.7	10.6	5.2	3.7	7.0
2018	3.1	8.9	9.6	10.4	3.2	11.1	3.0	9.8	9.5	5.0	6.0	6.3
2019	6.9	7.7	8.3	7.1	4.8	11.7	6.5	7.3	13.2	6.7	3.2	7.6
2020	6.0	1.4	1.5	-1.0	-10.2	8.8	2.9	-2.9	1.3	4.5	-14.2	0.3
2021	5.9	7.7	8.5	14.6	10.3	17.3	7.2	8.1	11.9	7.4	10.2	9.8
2022	1.2	9.2	9.4	15.6	15.7	15.5	3.5	8.8	13.1	8.7	19.6	11.3

2016
Q1	3.6	3.6	3.6	14.9	6.7	13.4	1.9	8.1	17.0	2.4	1.9	6.1
Q2	3.7	3.4	5.1	25.0	7.2	10.1	1.2	9.3	12.4	3.9	2.8	6.3
Q3	4.7	7.7	8.6	20.0	10.1	11.4	1.5	7.5	7.3	3.5	7.8	7.0
Q4	4.6	3.8	3.5	17.8	7.8	12.9	0.9	22.9	12.3	3.5	11.8	6.7
2017
Q1	4.2	8.6	8.5	33.8	6.2	7.7	7.0	26.7	13.2	3.9	2.1	7.8
Q2	4.6	6.3	5.6	13.9	6.6	10.0	6.0	0.4	13.9	5.0	5.8	7.3
Q3	2.5	4.3	4.8	14.6	3.1	14.8	6.3	11.9	9.6	5.8	0.9	6.4
Q4	3.3	5.9	6.1	16.2	6.0	13.8	4.0	-2.2	6.0	6.2	6.1	6.7
2018
Q1	2.0	9.7	11.2	-1.8	1.4	10.4	1.6	-12.9	6.9	5.4	7.7	5.0
Q2	2.4	9.1	9.2	12.4	3.1	13.9	7.2	24.7	8.7	4.9	2.0	6.8
Q3	3.6	8.9	9.4	20.7	4.9	16.0	-2.1	1.0	9.3	4.5	12.4	6.9
Q4	4.2	8.1	8.6	10.8	3.2	4.4	5.6	30.1	13.1	5.3	2.0	6.5
2019
Q1	11.6	6.8	6.9	9.0	8.0	14.5	8.1	16.9	16.7	7.5	0.9	9.3
Q2	4.7	10.8	12.1	6.8	5.0	9.3	3.1	-0.2	12.1	8.2	6.8	7.9
Q3	2.0	3.6	3.2	2.7	4.6	6.6	8.0	22.1	11.7	5.1	-0.9	5.8
Q4	9.5	9.9	10.9	10.1	2.2	16.8	7.0	-4.2	12.7	5.8	6.3	7.6
2020
Q1	4.3	4.0	4.0	10.2	4.1	13.4	4.4	10.4	10.1	5.3	4.2	6.3
Q2	7.7	-4.1	-3.8	-28.4	-25.3	5.5	2.2	-15.9	-7.7	1.6	-33.1	-7.4
Q3	6.6	0.0	0.1	4.0	-10.6	5.8	2.0	-3.6	-3.1	2.9	-13.3	-1.1
Q4	5.6	5.4	5.4	10.0	-8.3	10.4	2.9	-2.1	5.8	8.2	-14.1	3.5
2021
Q1	4.4	1.4	1.9	-13.4	-14.7	11.4	5.3	-9.1	-1.1	2.6	-23.1	-1.5
Q2	4.8	12.9	13.3	54.2	25.0	19.6	9.3	15.6	23.3	9.8	30.9	17.0
Q3	6.4	10.2	11.7	18.7	17.7	20.1	5.6	13.7	17.9	13.8	18.6	14.7
Q4	7.8	7.0	7.7	11.1	18.2	18.5	8.5	15.4	10.0	3.6	23.8	10.0
2022
Q1	2.4	11.7	12.5	33.4	23.9	17.4	4.8	15.1	18.2	11.3	38.8	15.5
Q2	1.1	11.2	11.5	18.7	23.4	18.0	1.1	11.5	12.7	6.5	29.2	12.4
Q3	1.2	8.8	8.7	9.6	11.9	14.6	6.1	6.5	13.5	4.3	11.4	9.0
Q4	0.1	5.5	5.3	6.9	6.4	12.3	2.1	3.2	8.7	12.8	6.3	8.6
¹Compensation of employees is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done. Compensation of employees is made up of the following components: (a) wages and salaries and (b) employers’ social contributions.
²See Background Notes for detailed Nace A10 sector descriptions

Open in Excel: Quarterly National Accounts Q4 2022 Table 7.4 (XLS 25KB)

Table 7.5 Compensation of Employees¹ by Nace Rev. 2 A10 Sector² of Origin at Current Market Prices - Seasonally Adjusted

Table 7.5 Compensation of Employees¹ by Nace Rev. 2 A10 Sector² of Origin at Current Market Prices- Seasonally Adjusted												€million
Period	Agriculture Forestry and Fishing	Industry (excl. Constr.)	of which Manufacturing	Construction	Distribution, Transport, Hotels and Restaurants	Information and Comm.	Financial and Insurance Activities	Real Estate Activities	Professional, Admin and Support Services	Public Admin, Education and Health	Arts, Entertainment and Other Services	Total
2016
Q1	169	2,735	2,413	698	4,180	1,475	1,774	176	2,348	6,048	482	20,085
Q2	169	2,815	2,496	740	4,218	1,505	1,779	174	2,384	6,123	478	20,385
Q3	173	2,915	2,568	744	4,362	1,519	1,790	173	2,479	6,189	497	20,842
Q4	172	2,929	2,570	763	4,388	1,578	1,798	188	2,591	6,258	497	21,161
2017
Q1	172	2,958	2,602	931	4,444	1,592	1,879	208	2,628	6,287	492	21,592
Q2	177	2,987	2,635	843	4,497	1,659	1,878	188	2,731	6,425	509	21,892
Q3	179	3,057	2,696	852	4,488	1,737	1,923	192	2,733	6,551	498	22,210
Q4	176	3,117	2,736	885	4,653	1,795	1,875	184	2,751	6,641	527	22,604
2018
Q1	176	3,230	2,879	915	4,518	1,759	1,893	195	2,829	6,628	532	22,675
Q2	181	3,262	2,874	953	4,634	1,892	2,006	220	2,929	6,730	520	23,327
Q3	186	3,339	2,973	1,026	4,692	2,011	1,901	192	3,007	6,864	557	23,775
Q4	185	3,346	2,958	977	4,810	1,876	1,982	239	3,104	6,991	537	24,047
2019
Q1	194	3,485	3,083	998	4,893	2,012	2,037	214	3,251	7,120	539	24,744
Q2	190	3,593	3,200	1,026	4,860	2,074	2,064	236	3,325	7,269	557	25,194
Q3	194	3,505	3,110	1,048	4,893	2,147	2,069	231	3,378	7,243	550	25,257
Q4	200	3,661	3,245	1,071	4,916	2,187	2,119	228	3,485	7,391	570	25,827
2020
Q1	206	3,611	3,220	1,103	5,113	2,275	2,119	239	3,582	7,483	564	26,296
Q2	205	3,432	3,063	741	3,627	2,196	2,106	200	3,067	7,378	373	23,324
Q3	203	3,534	3,141	1,083	4,354	2,276	2,122	221	3,279	7,483	475	25,031
Q4	209	3,723	3,391	1,173	4,507	2,409	2,175	223	3,678	7,985	488	26,570
2021
Q1	213	3,723	3,306	961	4,384	2,536	2,229	219	3,563	7,655	436	25,919
Q2	215	3,849	3,450	1,148	4,535	2,618	2,301	232	3,765	8,107	488	27,257
Q3	219	3,882	3,520	1,277	5,107	2,736	2,249	249	3,864	8,547	563	28,692
Q4	224	4,036	3,644	1,304	5,319	2,850	2,357	256	4,047	8,261	604	29,257
2022
Q1	218	4,152	3,735	1,285	5,458	2,989	2,335	253	4,171	8,499	607	29,966
Q2	218	4,265	3,836	1,363	5,595	3,079	2,328	259	4,287	8,648	630	30,673
Q3	222	4,257	3,815	1,392	5,701	3,136	2,388	264	4,371	8,934	627	31,292
Q4	225	4,287	3,847	1,396	5,657	3,202	2,403	264	4,410	9,299	641	31,784

Percentage change on previous quarter
2016
Q1	3.5	-1.0	-2.1	8.1	2.6	5.5	0.1	15.4	1.8	-0.1	8.2	1.6
Q2	-0.1	2.9	3.5	5.9	0.9	2.0	0.3	-0.9	1.5	1.2	-0.8	1.5
Q3	2.0	3.6	2.9	0.6	3.4	0.9	0.6	-0.5	4.0	1.1	4.1	2.2
Q4	-0.1	0.5	0.1	2.5	0.6	3.9	0.4	8.4	4.5	1.1	-0.0	1.5
2017
Q1	-0.1	1.0	1.3	22.1	1.3	0.9	4.5	10.9	1.4	0.5	-1.0	2.0
Q2	2.8	1.0	1.3	-9.5	1.2	4.2	-0.1	-9.9	3.9	2.2	3.3	1.4
Q3	1.3	2.4	2.3	1.1	-0.2	4.7	2.4	2.3	0.1	2.0	-2.0	1.5
Q4	-1.6	1.9	1.5	3.9	3.7	3.3	-2.5	-4.3	0.7	1.4	5.8	1.8
2018
Q1	-0.3	3.6	5.2	3.3	-2.9	-2.0	0.9	5.8	2.9	-0.2	0.9	0.3
Q2	3.2	1.0	-0.2	4.1	2.6	7.5	6.0	13.0	3.5	1.5	-2.2	2.9
Q3	2.7	2.4	3.4	7.6	1.2	6.3	-5.2	-12.9	2.7	2.0	7.1	1.9
Q4	-0.7	0.2	-0.5	-4.8	2.5	-6.7	4.2	24.8	3.2	1.9	-3.7	1.1
2019
Q1	4.7	4.2	4.2	2.2	1.7	7.2	2.8	-10.4	4.7	1.8	0.4	2.9
Q2	-1.9	3.1	3.8	2.8	-0.7	3.1	1.3	10.3	2.3	2.1	3.4	1.8
Q3	2.0	-2.5	-2.8	2.1	0.7	3.6	0.2	-2.1	1.6	-0.4	-1.4	0.3
Q4	3.1	4.4	4.3	2.1	0.5	1.9	2.4	-1.5	3.2	2.1	3.6	2.3
2020
Q1	3.2	-1.4	-0.8	3.0	4.0	4.0	-0.0	5.1	2.8	1.2	-1.0	1.8
Q2	-0.5	-5.0	-4.9	-32.8	-29.1	-3.5	-0.6	-16.7	-14.4	-1.4	-33.9	-11.3
Q3	-1.0	3.0	2.6	46.2	20.0	3.6	0.8	10.6	6.9	1.4	27.5	7.3
Q4	2.7	5.3	8.0	8.3	3.5	5.8	2.5	0.9	12.2	6.7	2.7	6.1
2021
Q1	2.2	-0.0	-2.5	-18.1	-2.7	5.3	2.5	-1.6	-3.1	-4.1	-10.8	-2.4
Q2	1.1	3.4	4.3	19.4	3.4	3.2	3.2	5.9	5.7	5.9	12.1	5.2
Q3	1.4	0.9	2.0	11.2	12.6	4.5	-2.3	7.5	2.6	5.4	15.3	5.3
Q4	2.7	4.0	3.5	2.1	4.1	4.2	4.8	2.8	4.7	-3.3	7.2	2.0
2022
Q1	-2.9	2.9	2.5	-1.4	2.6	4.9	-0.9	-1.3	3.1	2.9	0.5	2.4
Q2	0.2	2.7	2.7	6.0	2.5	3.0	-0.3	2.6	2.8	1.8	3.9	2.4
Q3	1.6	-0.2	-0.5	2.1	1.9	1.9	2.6	1.7	2.0	3.3	-0.5	2.0
Q4	1.5	0.7	0.8	0.3	-0.8	2.1	0.6	0.1	0.9	4.1	2.2	1.6
¹Compensation of employees is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done. Compensation of employees is made up of the following components: (a) wages and salaries and (b) employers’ social contributions.
²See Background Notes for detailed Nace A10 sector descriptions

Open in Excel: Quarterly National Accounts Q4 2022 Table 7.5 (XLS 23KB)

Table 7.6 Breakdown of Compensation of Employees by Foreign and Domestic Enterprises

Table 7.7 Persons in employment¹ by Nace Rev. 2 A10 Sector²

Table 7.7 Total number of Employees¹ by Nace Rev. 2 A10 Sector²												'000
Period	Agriculture Forestry and Fishing	Industry (excl. Constr.)	of which Manufacturing	Construction	Distribution, Transport, Hotels and Restaurants	Information and Comm.	Financial and Insurance Activities	Real Estate Activities	Professional, Admin and Support Services	Public Admin, Education and Health	Arts, Entertainment and Other Services	Total
2016
Q1	26	246	220	74	462	92	92	7	164	487	84	1,735
Q2	28	250	226	80	468	93	93	8	172	495	87	1,774
Q3	29	263	236	80	486	96	94	7	176	491	87	1,809
Q4	26	255	229	82	487	98	93	8	177	504	87	1,818
2017
Q1	28	260	230	86	487	99	92	8	176	504	84	1,825
Q2	30	258	228	85	490	98	92	7	182	509	87	1,838
Q3	27	270	240	83	498	104	93	7	182	513	89	1,866
Q4	26	263	233	87	507	102	90	7	179	523	90	1,876
2018
Q1	25	260	230	90	494	100	90	7	186	518	92	1,861
Q2	28	255	225	96	508	102	94	8	197	531	88	1,907
Q3	27	269	239	100	517	110	88	6	194	532	95	1,938
Q4	27	262	233	97	520	103	91	8	198	551	89	1,945
2019
Q1	26	269	237	96	520	105	96	7	203	554	87	1,963
Q2	26	264	229	102	517	107	98	7	202	555	88	1,965
Q3	24	276	245	102	517	117	100	7	196	567	89	1,994
Q4	31	269	239	104	525	112	100	7	203	576	87	2,013
2020
Q1	30	267	240	102	514	113	103	7	210	571	85	2,002
Q2	23	269	241	84	413	119	110	9	179	548	60	1,814
Q3	23	281	248	95	476	114	104	8	184	559	79	1,924
Q4	28	279	251	96	478	123	103	8	177	576	70	1,938
2021
Q1	25	288	261	90	440	126	105	7	182	596	62	1,921
Q2	26	292	263	91	463	127	115	7	207	619	73	2,020
Q3	24	287	258	102	530	133	119	9	215	611	84	2,115
Q4	26	294	264	113	508	152	116	9	219	637	81	2,154
2022
Q1	24	297	264	114	516	149	115	11	217	641	73	2,157
Q2	24	302	268	116	531	150	115	8	220	648	77	2,192
Q3	24	311	274	122	527	145	111	8	222	646	81	2,197
Q4	26	304	266	117	540	150	115	9	226	650	83	2,219

Percentage change on corresponding period of previous year
2016
Q1	0.5	2.7	3.1	11.6	4.2	4.1	4.1	-20.2	7.0	1.0	4.5	3.4
Q2	1.6	4.9	6.7	16.6	3.5	4.6	4.7	-1.3	6.3	2.2	4.2	4.2
Q3	7.6	7.1	8.3	12.5	6.6	6.1	6.2	-3.2	0.3	0.6	0.8	4.2
Q4	6.8	3.9	4.0	16.4	3.4	7.5	5.6	15.5	3.8	2.3	5.4	4.2
2017
Q1	4.7	5.8	4.9	16.6	5.4	7.6	0.2	20.5	7.0	3.5	0.0	5.2
Q2	7.4	3.2	0.9	7.0	4.7	5.2	-1.3	-10.2	5.5	2.9	-0.3	3.6
Q3	-5.5	2.5	1.6	4.2	2.3	8.2	-1.0	6.6	3.1	4.5	2.7	3.1
Q4	-0.6	3.1	1.7	6.2	4.2	4.0	-3.1	-8.9	0.9	3.9	3.6	3.2
2018
Q1	-10.8	-0.1	0.0	3.8	1.5	1.0	-1.9	-20.2	5.5	2.7	9.0	2.0
Q2	-7.4	-1.3	-1.3	12.7	3.8	4.8	1.9	5.7	8.5	4.2	1.6	3.7
Q3	-0.8	-0.4	-0.3	20.4	3.9	5.8	-5.5	-16.1	6.5	3.7	7.2	3.9
Q4	2.8	-0.4	-0.4	11.0	2.5	0.9	0.5	7.4	10.5	5.3	-1.3	3.7
2019
Q1	4.6	3.5	2.8	7.3	5.2	5.5	6.1	3.9	9.3	6.9	-5.3	5.5
Q2	-8.8	3.6	1.8	5.7	1.7	4.3	4.9	-6.3	2.3	4.6	-0.1	3.1
Q3	-10.8	2.8	2.5	1.5	-0.0	6.4	13.5	7.0	1.3	6.5	-6.7	2.9
Q4	14.3	2.4	2.8	7.2	1.0	8.9	9.9	-10.8	2.8	4.6	-2.8	3.5
2020
Q1	15.7	-0.8	1.1	5.9	-1.2	7.7	7.2	8.5	3.4	3.1	-1.8	2.0
Q2	-11.7	1.7	4.9	-17.2	-20.1	11.7	12.2	24.0	-11.4	-1.3	-31.5	-7.7
Q3	-3.7	1.9	1.1	-6.6	-7.9	-2.5	4.0	19.8	-6.1	-1.3	-10.8	-3.5
Q4	-10.0	3.9	5.0	-7.6	-8.9	9.6	3.4	15.5	-12.7	-0.1	-19.5	-3.7
2021
Q1	-17.4	7.7	8.8	-11.6	-14.4	11.5	2.0	1.1	-13.0	4.3	-27.2	-4.1
Q2	16.2	8.9	9.4	7.6	12.2	6.6	3.9	-22.4	15.8	13.0	20.9	11.4
Q3	1.8	2.0	4.0	8.0	11.4	17.0	14.8	18.4	16.5	9.3	5.2	9.9
Q4	-6.5	5.2	5.0	18.1	6.1	23.3	13.1	5.2	23.6	10.7	16.0	11.2
2022
Q1	-2.6	3.1	1.1	27.1	17.3	17.8	10.1	41.4	19.1	7.5	18.0	12.3
Q2	-8.3	3.3	1.9	28.5	14.5	18.0	0.3	21.4	6.4	4.7	5.6	8.5
Q3	1.0	8.4	6.3	19.4	-0.6	9.2	-6.7	-18.9	3.5	5.6	-3.2	3.9
Q4	-0.2	3.7	1.0	2.9	6.3	-1.4	-1.4	10.1	3.3	2.0	2.1	3.0
¹Data from Labour Force Survey
²See Background Notes for detailed Nace A10 sector descriptions

Open in Excel: Quarterly National Accounts Q4 2022 Table 7.7 (XLS 21KB)

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Table 7.6 Breakdown of Compensation of Employees by Foreign and Domestic Enterprises 2022Q4
Period	Foreign	Domestic	Foreign	Domestic
	Amount €m	Amount €m	% of total COE	% of total COE
2019
Q1	8,323.63	16,580.94	33.42	66.58
Q2	7,921.75	17,247.07	31.47	68.53
Q3	7,769.32	17,099.30	31.24	68.76
Q4	8,174.03	17,864.03	31.39	68.61
2020
Q1	9,132.96	17,340.73	34.50	65.50
Q2	8,103.29	15,201.32	34.77	65.23
Q3	8,024.68	16,562.93	32.64	67.36
Q4	8,799.99	18,152.32	32.65	67.35
2021
Q1	9,374.32	16,693.83	35.96	64.04
Q2	9,124.61	18,144.49	33.46	66.54
Q3	8,863.93	19,342.31	31.43	68.57
Q4	9,612.18	20,040.96	32.42	67.58
2022
Q1	11,112.90	18,996.04	36.91	63.09
Q2	10,644.33	20,003.20	34.73	65.27
Q3	10,357.58	20,397.92	33.68	66.32
Q4	10,833.56	21,364.77	33.65	66.35
1Compensation of employees is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done. Compensation of employees is made up of the following components: (a) wages and salaries and (b) employers’ social contributions.

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Quarterly National Accounts Quarter 4 2022

Compensation of Employees

Compensation of Employees

An increase in Compensation of Employees by 0.9% in Q4 2022

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