Education List Women and Men in Ireland 2013

Ireland: Leaving Certificate candidates

4.1 Ireland: Leaving Certificate candidates, 2013

		number	higher level candidates as a % of total candidates		% higher level candidates attaining A or B grades
Subject (higher level)	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls
English	15,108	18,167	56.8	69.5	32.8	39.6
French	5,577	8,608	21.0	32.9	37.6	44.2
Irish	6,108	10,557	22.9	40.4	49.9	58.6

Biology	9,251	14,182	34.8	54.2	39.2	43.6
Chemistry	3,099	3,658	11.6	14.0	49.7	47.3
Mathematics	6,945	6,069	26.1	23.2	40.6	31.2
Physics	3,589	1,243	13.5	4.8	48.8	51.4

Construction studies	6,180	392	23.2	1.5	42.2	41.1
Design and communication graphics	3,537	480	13.3	1.8	47.2	51.7
Engineering	3,586	156	13.5	0.6	39.2	37.2

Art	2,491	5,375	9.4	20.6	23.9	40.4
Home Economics	721	8,179	2.7	31.3	23.7	42.2
Music	1,834	3,879	6.9	14.8	64.0	68.1

Total Leaving Certificate candidates¹	26,620	26,147
Source: State Examinations Commission
¹ The above data exclude candidates in the Leaving Certificate Applied Programme. School candidates, repeat candidates, external candidates, VTOS and PLC candidates are included in the table.

Open in Excel: Women and Men in Ireland, 2013 Table 4.1 (XLS 16KB)

Just over half (50.4%) of students taking the Leaving Certificate in 2013 were male.
Just under seven out of ten (69.5%) girls sitting the Leaving Certificate took English at higher level compared with 56.8% of boys. There were also higher proportions of girls taking Irish and French at higher level.
Less than 1% of girls took Engineering as a higher level Leaving Certificate exam subject compared with 13.5% of boys.
1.5% of girls took Construction studies at higher level compared with close to a quarter (23.2%) of boys while 1.8% of girls took Design and communication graphics compared to 13.3% of boys.
Over half of girls (54.2%) took Biology at higher level compared with just over a third (34.8%) of boys.
Over a quarter of boys (26.1%) took Mathematics at higher level compared with 23.2% of girls.

Ireland: Third level graduates by field of study

4.2 Ireland: Third level graduates¹by field of study, 2012
		number		%
Field of education	Men	Women	Men	Women
Agriculture	606	352	2.2	1.1
Arts and humanities	3,025	4,714	11.0	15.0
Education	1,218	3,675	4.4	11.7
Engineering, manufacturing and construction	6,181	1,092	22.6	3.5
Health and welfare	2,113	7,752	7.8	24.6
Science	4,380	2,784	16.0	8.8
Services	1,635	1,291	6.0	4.1
Social sciences, business and law	8,241	9,808	30.0	31.2
Total	27,399	31,468	100.0	100.0
Source: Department of Education and Science
¹ At ISCED levels 5 and 6 (see Appendix 1). Total excludes graduates where field of education was not stated.

Open in Excel: Women and Men in Ireland, 2013 Table 4.2 (XLS 13KB)

Women represented 53.5% of all third-level graduates in Ireland in 2012. 31.2% of female graduates were in social sciences, business and law while just under one quarter (24.6%) were in health and welfare.
Three out of ten male graduates were in social sciences, business and law while 22.6% were in engineering, manufacturing and construction.
Women represented nearly four out of five (78.6%) graduates in the health and welfare field and three-quarters (75.1%) of graduates in education.
The vast majority (85%) of graduates in engineeering, manufacturing and construction were male.

Show Graph - 4.2 Ireland: Third-level graduates by field of study

	Men	Women
Engineering, manufacturing and construction	6181	1092
Science	4380	2784
Agriculture	606	352
Services	1635	1291
Social sciences, business and law	8241	9808
Arts and humanities	3025	4714
Education	1218	3675
Health and welfare	2113	7752
Total	27399	31468

Ireland: Students as proportion of population aged 18-24

4.3 Ireland: Students as proportion of population aged 18-24, 2008 and 2013
%
	2008		2013
Age	Men	Women	Men	Women
18 years	69.1	78.7	82.2	87.5
19 years	45.4	61.4	68.0	73.0
20 years	40.9	50.3	56.3	68.0
21 years	29.0	37.0	48.2	56.5
22 years	22.8	23.4	44.8	34.8
23 years	13.1	13.6	24.1	24.6
24 years	10.3	10.8	17.6	15.7
Total 18-24 year olds	31.1	36.4	49.2	51.6
Source: CSO QNHS

Open in Excel: Women and Men in Ireland, 2013 Table 4.3 (XLS 12KB)

The proportion of students among men in the 18-24 age group rose by over 18 percentage points between 2008 and 2013, from 31.1% to 49.2%.
Over the same time period the proportion of students among women in the 18-24 age group rose by over 15 percentage points, from 36.4% to 51.6%.
in 2013 87.5% of 18 year old women were students compared with 82.2% of 18 year old men.
This pattern, of a higher proportion of women, continued up to and including 21 years. For 22 year olds, more men than women were students while the proportions at ages 23 and 24 were very similar.

Ireland: Persons aged 25-34 with a third level qualification

4.4 Ireland: Persons aged 25-34 with a third level qualification, 2004-2013
%
Year	Men	Women
2004	35.6	42.4
2005	35.1	44.6
2006	33.2	46.9
2007	34.3	47.6
2008	35.0	50.1
2009	38.5	51.0
2010	38.9	52.3
2011	39.3	53.2
2012	41.4	54.2
2013	42.7	55.3
Source: CSO QNHS

Open in Excel: Women and Men in Ireland, 2013 Table 4.4 (XLS 12KB)

The percentage of men and women aged 25-34 with a third-level qualification increased over the period 2004-2013.
The percentage of men with a third-level qualification fell from 35.6% in 2004 to 33.2% in 2006. Since then the percentrage has increased steadily to stand at 42.7% in 2013, a rise of 7.1 percentage points since 2004.
There was a considerably larger increase for women aged 25-34 with a third-level qualification, from 42.4% in 2004 to 55.3% in 2013, an increase of 12.9 percentage points.
More women aged 18-24 have a third level qualification than men and this gap widened between 2004 and 2013 from 6.8 to 12.6 percentage points.

Show Graph - 4.4 Ireland: Persons aged 25-34 with third-evel qualification

	Men	Women
2004	35.5828220858896	42.3806609547124
2005	35.1218097447796	44.5655375552283
2006	33.1886024423338	46.8601730393525
2007	34.3483870967742	47.5733333333333
2008	35.0294042444388	50.1423027166882
2009	38.5470527404343	51.0025706940874
2010	38.8667198723065	52.2727272727273
2011	39.2866792758714	53.2091097308489
2012	41.4317925591883	54.1710665258712
2013	42.7022274325909	55.3069577080491

Ireland: Persons aged 35-64 by highest level of education attained

4.5 Ireland: Persons aged 35-64 by highest level of education attained, 2013
		000s	% of category
Level of education attained	Men	Women	Men	Women
Primary or no formal education	103.5	86.8	11.7	9.7
Lower secondary	146.0	114.7	16.5	12.9
Higher secondary	191.5	212.6	21.7	23.8
Post leaving certificate	120.5	105.8	13.6	11.9
Third level	303.0	352.4	34.3	39.5
Not stated	19.7	20.2	2.2	2.3
Total	884.2	892.4	100.0	100.0
Source: CSO QNHS

Open in Excel: Women and Men in Ireland, 2013 Table 4.5 (XLS 12KB)

22.6% of women aged 35-64 had at most lower secondary education in 2013 while the percentage of men in this age group was 28.2%.
Nearly four out of ten (39.5%) women aged 35-64 had third level education in 2013 compared with 34.3% of men.

Ireland: Classroom teachers

4.6 Ireland: Classroom teachers¹, 2003-2012
%
	ISCED 1		ISCED 2-3
	Primary		Second level
Year	Men	Women	Men	Women
2003	13.5	86.5	40.2	59.8
2004	16.4	83.6	40.0	60.0
2005	15.9	84.1	39.4	60.6
2006	17.1	82.9	37.9	62.1
2007	17.8	82.2	37.9	62.1
2008	17.2	82.8	36.3	63.7
2009	15.3	84.7	36.6	63.4
2010	15.1	84.9	35.3	64.7
2011	15.1	84.9	34.9	65.1
2012	15.1	84.9	31.7	68.3
Source: Eurostat
¹ Full-time equivalents

Open in Excel: Women and Men in Ireland, 2013 Table 4.6 (XLS 12KB)

Women accounted for 84.9% of teachers at primary level in Ireland in 2012, a decrease of 1.6 percentage points since 2003.
At second-level, women accounted for 68.3% of teachers in 2012 which was an increase of 8.5 percentage points since 2003.

EU: Classroom teachers and academic staff

4.7 EU: Classroom teachers and academic staff, 2012^1,2
%
	ISCED 1		ISCED 2-3		ISCED 5-6
	Primary		Second level		Third level
Country	Men	Women	Men	Women	Men	Women
Greece	34.6	65.4	43.4	56.6	66.0	34.0
Denmark	31.4	68.6	29.2	70.8	:	:
Luxembourg	28.2	71.8	50.5	49.5	57.4	42.6
Spain	24.2	75.8	44.9	55.1	59.4	40.6
Finland	21.1	78.9	35.1	64.9	49.7	50.3
Portugal	20.3	79.7	30.6	69.4	56.4	43.6
Belgium	19.2	80.8	38.8	61.2	53.8	46.2
Netherlands	18.1	81.9	55.0	45.0	59.1	40.9
Sweden	18.1	81.9	42.2	57.8	57.5	42.5
France	18.0	82.0	42.4	57.6	63.3	36.7
Cyprus	17.0	83.0	35.3	64.7	60.9	39.1
Malta	15.2	84.8	36.5	63.5	68.6	31.4
Ireland	15.1	84.9	31.7	68.3	62.5	37.5
Germany	14.2	85.8	41.2	58.8	63.6	36.4
United Kingdom	13.0	87.0	40.9	59.1	59.3	40.7
Romania	12.4	87.6	30.3	69.7	51.3	48.7
Poland	12.0	88.0	29.0	71.0	56.5	43.5
Austria	8.9	91.1	37.0	63.0	64.6	35.4
Croatia	6.7	93.3	29.8	70.2	53.5	46.5
Latvia	6.5	93.5	17.4	82.6	42.5	57.5
Slovakia	6.1	93.9	23.1	76.9	54.9	45.1
Bulgaria	5.8	94.2	20.6	79.4	52.4	47.6
Estonia	4.7	95.3	21.9	78.1	:	:
Hungary	4.1	95.9	28.1	71.9	61.6	38.4
Italy	3.9	96.1	30.9	69.1	63.8	36.2
Slovenia	3.5	96.5	26.0	74.0	61.5	38.5
Czech Republic	2.8	97.2	34.2	65.8	63.0	37.0
Lithuania	2.1	97.9	16.9	83.1	44.5	55.5

Turkey	47.1	52.9	57.5	42.5	59.1	40.9
Norway	26.1	73.9	39.1	60.9	55.1	44.9
Switzerland	21.6	78.4	56.2	43.8	69.9	30.1
Iceland	19.7	80.3	36.4	63.6	54.5	45.5
Macedonia	19.7	80.3	42.7	57.3	52.8	47.2
Source: Eurostat

¹ Data refers to full-time equivalents. See country notes in Appendix 1 of report.
²2011 data used for Croatia, Estonia, Italy, Malta, Sweden, Iceland and Turkey. 2011 data used for Luxembourg except for third level for which 2010 used. 2009 data used for Denmark at primary level and for Ireland at third level. 2007 data used for Greece.

Open in Excel: Women and Men in Ireland, 2013 Table 4.7 (XLS 16KB)

In 2012 15.1% of primary school teachers in Ireland were men. The highest reported levels of male participation at primary level among other EU countries were in Greece and Denmark where about one-third of all primary teachers were male.
The lowest level of male teachers at primary level in the EU was in Lithuania at just 2.1%.
In Ireland in 2012 over two-thirds (68.3%) of second-level teachers were female.
At second-level there were more female than male teachers in all EU countries except for Luxembourg and the Netherlands.
At third-level in Ireland 62.5% of academic staff were male and men outnumbered women in all EU countries for which information was available except in Finland, Latvia and Lithuania.

Show Map - 4.7 EU: Male primary classroom teachers

EU: School management personnel

4.8 EU: School management personnel, 2012¹

%
	ISCED 1		ISCED 2-3
Country	Men	Women	Men	Women
Netherlands	55.9	44.1	73.4	26.6
Greece	66.5	33.5	70.6	29.4
Austria	17.9	82.1	65.5	34.5
Belgium	45.5	54.5	63.9	36.1
Italy	:	:	61.4	38.6
Ireland	55.6	44.4	59.4	40.6
Finland	55.4	44.6	57.0	43.0
Luxembourg	72.7	27.3	52.9	47.1
France	27.6	72.4	52.3	47.7
Sweden	26.5	73.5	47.1	52.9
Slovakia	18.1	81.9	41.9	58.1
Romania	21.4	78.6	39.4	60.6
Cyprus	23.4	76.6	38.2	61.8
Poland	22.5	77.5	37.0	63.0
Slovenia	26.9	73.1	36.6	63.4
Bulgaria	20.8	79.2	29.3	70.7
Lithuania	17.3	82.7	:	:
United Kingdom	24.3	75.7	:	:

Switzerland	48.5	51.5	71.0	29.0
Iceland	16.1	83.9	57.4	42.6
Norway	41.3	58.7	47.5	52.5
Source: Eurostat

¹ 2011 data used for Greece, Luxembourg, Sweden and Iceland. For second level, 2007 data used for Ireland and 2011 for Italy.

Open in Excel: Women and Men in Ireland, 2013 Table 4.8 (XLS 13KB)

There were more men than women in school management positions at primary level in Ireland in 2012 with 55.6% of these positions taken by men.
The proportion of primary school managers who were male in the reporting countries varied from 17.3% in Lithuania to 72.7% in Luxembourg.
In Ireland in 2009, less than half (40.6%) of second-level school management personnel were female.
Of the EU countries for which data was available, the Netherlands had the lowest proportion of female school managers at second-level at 26.6% while Bulgaria had the highest at 70.7%.

Women and Men in Ireland 2013

Education

Ireland: Leaving Certificate candidates

Ireland: Third level graduates by field of study

Ireland: Students as proportion of population aged 18-24

Ireland: Persons aged 25-34 with a third level qualification

Ireland: Persons aged 35-64 by highest level of education attained

Ireland: Classroom teachers

EU: Classroom teachers and academic staff

EU: School management personnel

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