This indicator refers to a Building Energy Rating (BER). A BER is an indication of the energy performance of a dwelling. It is based on the characteristics of major components of the dwelling including: wall, roof and floor dimensions; window and door sizes and orientations, as well as the construction type and insulation, ventilation and air tightness features; the system for heat supply (including renewable energy), distribution, and control; and the type of lighting.
The BER rating scale is divided into categories from G (largest primary energy usage) to an A0 rating (lowest primary energy usage, with zero fossil fuel demand and carbon emissions). The kilowatt-hour is the unit of energy used in Dwelling Energy Assessment Procedure (DEAP). The BER is measured in kWh per square metre of floor area of the dwelling per year (kWh/m2/year).
Since 01 January 2009, a BER certificate and advisory report is compulsory for all homes being sold or offered for rent. A BER is also required for new dwellings that apply for planning permission on or after 1st January 2007. A BER certificate is required to avail of the grants for energy-efficiency improvements to the home that are provided under the Better Energy Homes scheme. On 24 May 2026, the Building Energy Rating (BER) scale was modified in line with new EU wide regulations under the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD). The scale has been simplified from fifteen points to eight (A0, A, B, C, D, E, F, G).
This indicator only includes the latest BER published for a dwelling. The figures will be updated on an annual basis. While the changes to previous years will mainly relate to the most recent year, previous periods are also subject to revision mainly arising from some dwellings having another BER audit undertaken.
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