| € million | ||
| 2017 | 2018 | |
| Flows - Abroad | -1,813 | 616 |
| Flows - In Ireland | 46,770 | -23,786 |
| Positions - Abroad - end year | 822,832 | 823,501 |
| Positions - In Ireland - end year | 882,171 | 873,742 |
| Positions - Net - end year | -59,339 | -50,241 |
| Net Income Flows | -51,810 | -59,277 |
Irish stocks of direct investment abroad increased marginally to €824bn at the end of 2018 from a stock position of €823bn at the end of 2017. The end 2018 stock of direct investment abroad comprised of Equity Capital & Reinvested Earnings of €725bn and Other Capital of €98bn - see Table 3. The marginal increase in stock of direct investment abroad mainly resulted from increased investment stock in Luxembourg (+€47bn) and offshore centres (+€36bn) which was offset by a decrease in investment stock in Netherlands (-€82bn).
The stock of direct investment in Ireland decreased between the end of 2017 and the end of 2018 - from €882bn to €874bn. This decrease was largely due to decreases in Irish investment stock held by Netherlands (-€106bn), Luxembourg (-€58bn), UK (-€5bn) and Switzerland (-€3bn) which were offset by increases in investment stock held by US (+€94bn) and offshore centres (+€77bn) - see Table 4.
Ireland had a net foreign liability of €50bn at the end of 2018, a decrease of €9bn from a net foreign liability of €59bn at the end of 2017.
