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The CSO, through Ireland's Institute for SDGs (IIS), supports reporting on the Sustainable Development Goals.
SDG 2.a.1 The agriculture orientation index for government expenditures is published by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations.
The SDG indicators metadata repository provides the following definition in the SDG 2.a.1 metadata document:
The Agriculture Orientation Index (AOI) for government expenditures is defined as the agriculture share of government expenditure, divided by the agriculture value added share of GDP, where agriculture refers to the agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting sector. The measure is a currency-free index, calculated as the ratio of these two shares. National governments are requested to compile government expenditures according to the Government Finance Statistics (GFS) and the Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG), and Agriculture value added share of GDP according to the System of National Accounts (SNA).
The Agriculture Orientation Index (AOI) is the agriculture share of government expenditure divided by the agriculture share of GDP. An AOI larger than 1 means the agriculture sector receives a higher share of government spending relative to its economic value. An AOI value smaller than 1 reflects a lower orientation to agriculture. From the years 2015 to 2020, the AOI has been greater than 1, except for 2017. In 2021 the AOI was 0.93 and was estimated to be 0.95 in 2022. See Table 6.1.
SDG 2.a.2 Total Official Flows (Official Development Assistance plus Other Official Flows) to the agriculture sector information is from the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA).
The SDG indicators metadata repository provides the following definition in the SDG 2.a.2 metadata document:
Gross disbursements of total Official Development Assistance (ODA) and Other Official Flows (OOF) from all donors to the agriculture sector.
Ireland donated over €25.2 million in ODA in 2022. Malawi was the largest recipient, receiving over €4.4 million. See Table 6.2 and Map 6.1.
SDG 2.b.1 Agricultural export subsidies aim to correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets, including through the parallel elimination of all forms of agricultural export subsidies and all export measures with equivalent effect, in accordance with the mandate of the Doha Development Round.
The SDG indicators metadata repository provides the following definition in the SDG 2.b.1 metadata document:
Agricultural export subsidies are defined as export subsidies budgetary outlays and quantities as notified by WTO Members in Tables ES:1 and supporting Tables ES:2 (following templates in document G/AG/2 dated 30 June 1995).
The World Trade Organisation (WTO) 2015 decision on export competition eliminated export subsidies in agriculture, thereby delivering on Target 2.b of this goal.
SDG 2.c.1 Indicator of food price anomalies is provided by the FAO Food Price Index (FFPI). The CSO Consumer Price Index measure for food and non-alcoholic beverages provides additional information for Ireland.
The SDG indicators metadata repository provides the following definition in the SDG 2.c.1 metadata document:
The indicator of food price anomalies (IFPA) identifies market prices that are abnormally high. The IFPA relies on a weighted compound growth rate that accounts for both within year and across year price growth. The indicator directly evaluates growth in prices over a particular month over many years, taking into account seasonality in agricultural markets and inflation, allowing to answer the question of whether or not a change in price is abnormal for any particular period.
The Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) publish the FAO Food Price Index (FFPI), which is a measure of the monthly change in international prices of a basket of food commodities. It consists of the average of five commodity group price indices weighted by the average export shares of each of the groups over 2014-2016 (See Background Notes).
The FAO Annual (Nominal) Food Price Index (FFPI) stood at 117.7 points in March 2024, down 7.0 points from the previous year's 124.7 points. There were annual decreases in the price indices for all five food commodity groups (meat, dairy products, cereals, vegetable oils and sugar). See Table 6.3.
The FAO Annual (Real) Food Price Index (FFPI) stood at 111.3 points in March 2024, down 8.7 points from the previous year's 120.0 points, reflecting the annual decreases in the price indices for all five food commodity groups. See Table 6.4.
The consumer price index (CPI) for food and non-alcoholic beverages was 111.8 in 2023, up from 101.8 in 2022. See Table 6.5.
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