Users should note that these Institutional Sector Accounts incorporate revisions made to the Annual National Accounts (ANA) 2025 and Quarterly National Accounts (QNA) which were published on 02 July 2026. These revisions have increased the level of household saving from 2020. Further details of these changes and their effects on household saving are provided in the Background Notes of the Q1 2026 release.
Ireland’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew by 7.2% in 2025 to more than €600 billion, largely due to foreign multinationals here.
Profits of foreign non-financial corporations rose by €30 billion in 2025, they paid more tax (+€5 billion) and paid more to employees (+€2 billion) than in 2024.
Households saved €38.5 billion in 2025, an increase from the €37.6 billion saved in 2024, with the amount of saving that went into real assets such as new homes increasing from €15.1 billion in 2024 to €19.6 billion in 2025.
Households' debt-to-income ratio increased to 79% in 2025 from 71% in 2024, which was lower than the Euro-area rate of 81%. Private sector debt for households was 25% of GDP in 2025, below the EU target threshold of 55% of GDP.
The Government surplus was €10.6 billion in 2025, a decrease from the €23.3 billion in 2024, largely due to a one-off capital receipt in 2024 following a Court of Justice of the European Union ruling.
The balance sheet of financial corporations grew in 2025, surpassing €10 trillion by year-end.
Private sector debt declined for Non-Financial Corporations in 2025 to 79.1% which, for the first time since 2004, falls within the EU target threshold of 85% of GDP.
These accounts published today show the economic situation for the separate sectors of households, corporations (financial and non-financial, domestic, and foreign-owned), and government. They integrate the profit and loss account (non-financial account) for each sector with changes in their balance sheets (financial account). They thus provide the most detailed integrated picture of the Irish economy. These accounts are consistent with the National Accounts main aggregates as shown in the Annual National Accounts 2025 (ANA25). For consistency purposes revisions to Government Finance Statistics made after the compilation of ANA25 are not included.
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Statistician's Comment
The Central Statistics Office (CSO) has today (04 November 2026) released the Institutional Sector Accounts, Non-Financial and Financial 2025.
Commenting on the release, Seán J. O'Connor, Statistician in the International Accounts Division said: “Today's release shows that households added €38.5 billion to their wealth in 2025, of which €19.6 billion went into new homes and other capital assets.
The household debt-to-income ratio stood at 79%, which was lower than the ratio for the wider Eurozone of 81%. Private sector debt declined for Non-Financial Corporations in 2025 to 79.1% falling within the EU target threshold of 85% of GDP for the first time since 2004.
General Government consolidated debt amounted to €193.5 billion or 32.1% of GDP at the end of 2025, down from 85.9% in 2015. The Government registered a surplus for the fourth year in a row of €10.6 billion for 2025.
Meanwhile, the balance sheet assets of the financial corporations' sector increased by 8.7% compared with 2024. The financial assets of the sector rose by €837.5 billion in 2025 to €10,449 billion. The rise in this €10.45 trillion balance sheet is predominately due to the non-money market investment funds sector where assets went up by 15.4% compared with 2024."