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For more information on this release:
E-mail: tourism@cso.ie Mairead Griffin (+353) 21 453 5586 Margaret Power (+353) 21 453 5463
For general information on CSO statistics:
information@cso.ie (+353) 21 453 5000 On-line ISSN 2009-633X
CSO statistical release, , 11am

Tourism and Travel

Quarter 1 2018

  Overseas trips to Ireland Trips by Irish residents overseas
‘000 ‘000
Reason for journeyJan - Mar 2017Jan - Mar 2018 Jan - Mar 2017Jan - Mar 2018
Business351351 236231
Visits to Friends/Relatives548529 441404
Holiday/Leisure/Recreation691796 855928
Other206244 3737
Total1,7961,921 1,5691,599

Overseas trips to Ireland increased by 6.9% for the period January to March 2018

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Overseas trips to Ireland:

  • The number of overseas trips to Ireland by non-residents increased from 1.796 million in Quarter 1 2017 to 1.921 million trips in Quarter 1 2018 (+6.9%). See table 1.
  • The number of nights spent in Ireland by overseas travellers increased by 12.0% in Quarter 1 2018 compared with the same period of the previous year, up from 11.1 million to 12.5 million. See table 4.
  • The average duration of overseas trips to Ireland rose  from 6.2 nights in Quarter 1 2017 to 6.5 nights in Quarter 1 2018. See table 6.
  • Total tourism and travel earnings from overseas travellers to Ireland increased by 14.2% between Quarter 1 2017 and Quarter 1 2018, increasing from €945 million to €1,079 million. When fares are excluded, total expenditure increased from €684 million to €795 million, an increase of 16.2% over the period. See table 7.

 

Trips by Irish residents overseas:

  • In Quarter 1 2018, the number of trips made by Irish residents overseas increased by 1.9%, from 1.569 million trips in Quarter 1 2017 to 1.599 million. See table 8.
  • The average duration of overseas trips made by Irish residents increased from 6.0 nights in Quarter 1 2017 to 6.2 nights in Quarter 1 2018. See table 9.
  • Total tourism and travel expenditure by Irish residents overseas increased by 10.0%, up from €952 million in Quarter 1 2017 to €1,047 million in Quarter 1 2018. When all fares are included, total expenditure on overseas trips increased by 10.7%, from €1,173 million to €1,299 million. See table 10.
Table 1 Number of overseas trips to Ireland by non-residents classified by mode of travel, type of trip, route of travel, area of residence and reason for journey, 2015 - Quarter 1 2018
       '000
 201520162017 2017 2018
Trips
    Jan-MarApr-JunJul-SepOct-DecJan-Mar
Total overseas trips to the Republic of Ireland8,6439,5849,932 1,7962,7693,0962,271 1,921
Trips by mode of travel           
    Air7,7828,7409,095 1,7022,5152,7492,129 1,805
    Sea861844837 94255347142 116
Trips by type          
    Same-day trips 8941,1571,206 224317371294 249
    Overnight trips 7,7498,4288,726 1,5722,4522,7251,977 1,672
Trips by route of travel          
    Cross channel4,3794,7574,404 9321,1741,2391,058 914
    Continental3,0763,4163,716 6231,0581,178857 709
    Transatlantic & Other Routes1,1881,4111,812 241537678355 298
Trips by area of residence          
    Great Britain3,5473,9243,729 7969491,065918 798
    France505531549 107169164109 97
    Germany629652681 99210225148 130
    Italy321344363 609713076 71
    Other Europe1,5881,7741,888 329546568445 380
    USA & Canada1,5141,8082,101 293629733447 332
    Australia & New Zealand207204208 35547643 35
    All other areas331346411 7611513585 78
Trips by reason for journey          
    Business1,4411,5391,478 351413360354 351
    Visit to Friends/Relatives2,2972,5532,566 548632719667 529
    Holiday/Leisure/Recreation4,0014,3884,710 6911,4191,632968 796
    Other 9041,1051,178 206305384282 244
Table 2 Percentage distribution of overseas trips to Ireland by non-residents with at least one overnight in Ireland, cross classified by area of residence and reason for journey, Quarter 1 2017 and Quarter 1 2018
TripsReason for journey  
BusinessVisit to Friends/RelativesHoliday/Leisure/ RecreationOther Total
 Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018 Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018
Total trips with at least one overnight in Ireland ('000s)2982995345126697717289 1,5721,672
Area of residence (%)           
Great Britain4746565338351412 4542
France5544861311 65
Germany67447968 67
Italy332255510 44
Other Europe2324171917193529 1921
USA & Canada111091019211417 1415
All other areas (incl. Australia & New Zealand)5687651214 76
All residencies100100100100100100100100 100100
Table 2a Percentage distribution of overseas trips to Ireland by non-residents with at least one overnight in Ireland, cross classified by area of residence and reason for journey, Years 2016 and 2017
TripsReason for journey  
BusinessVisit to Friends/RelativesHoliday/Leisure/ RecreationOther Total
 20162017201620172016201720162017 20162017
Total trips with at least one overnight in Ireland ('000s)1,3181,2732,4762,4874,2514,573383393 8,4288,726
Area of residence (%)       
Great Britain4744565631271413 4037
France55447798 66
Germany6634101079 77
Italy3422441411 44
Other Europe2225181618203233 1920
USA & Canada111091124271618 1719
All other areas (incl. Australia & New Zealand)66785689 67
All residencies100100100100100100100100 100100
Table 3 Percentage distribution of overseas same-day trips to Ireland by non-residents cross classified by area of residence and reason for journey, Quarter 1 2017 and Quarter 1 2018
TripsReason for journey1  
BusinessVisit to Friends/RelativesHoliday/Leisure/ RecreationOtherTotal
 Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018
Total same-day trips (i.e. no overnight in Ireland) ('000s)545115172225134156224249
Area of residence (%)          
Great Britain83754545463924304241
Other Europe11131715183024282024
All other areas6123840373151413834
All residencies100100100100100100100100100100
1 The contents of this table should be interpreted with caution due to small sample sizes.
Table 3a Percentage distribution of overseas same-day trips to Ireland by non-residents cross classified by area of residence and reason for journey, Years 2016 and 2017
TripsReason for journey1  
BusinessVisit to Friends/RelativesHoliday/Leisure/ RecreationOtherTotal
 2016201720162017201620172016201720162017
Total same-day trips (i.e. no overnight in Ireland) ('000s)22020578791371377217841,1571,206
Area of residence (%)
Great Britain81775244474434304641
Other Europe12142018161922231921
All other areas792838373744473538
All residencies100100100100100100100100100100
1 The contents of this table should be interpreted with caution due to small sample sizes.
Table 4 Number of bednights spent in Ireland by non-residents on overseas trips cross classified by type of accommodation used and area of residence, Quarter 1 2017 and Quarter 1 2018
           '000
BednightsArea of Residence   
Great BritainOther EuropeUSA & CanadaAll Other AreasTotal
 Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018 Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018
Type of accommodation used           
    Hotel8898759451,125613757252279 2,7003,036
    Guest House/B&B15116340463718626291120 8321,182
    Rented House/Apartment1982329411,073206265454645 1,7992,214
    Friends/Relatives1,4251,2681,1671,234432438707648 3,7303,588
    Other4945409791,329313323302272 2,0882,464
    Total3,1573,0794,4365,3971,7502,0451,8051,963 11,14812,484
Table 4a Number of bednights spent in Ireland by non-residents on overseas trips cross classified by type of accommodation used and area of residence, Years 2016 and 2017
           '000
BednightsArea of Residence   
Great BritainOther EuropeUSA & CanadaAll Other AreasTotal
 20162017201620172016201720162017 20162017
Type of accommodation used           
    Hotel4,5544,0277,0887,1315,3856,4021,4951,623 18,52219,183
    Guest House/B&B1,0481,1744,0774,1912,0802,533649696 7,8548,594
    Rented House/Apartment1,3771,4355,3455,4801,7031,6331,9622,277 10,38710,825
    Friends/Relatives6,6746,6175,8865,1362,0362,1772,6243,038 17,21916,969
    Other2,7853,2146,6106,7451,8091,7811,2131,341 12,41713,082
    Total16,43716,46829,00628,68313,01314,5257,9438,976 66,39968,652
Table 5 Number of bednights spent in Ireland by non-residents on overseas trips cross classified by type of accommodation used and reason for journey, Quarter 1 2017 and Quarter 1 2018
           '000
BednightsReason for journey   
BusinessVisit to Friends/RelativesHoliday/Leisure/ RecreationOther Total
 Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018 Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018
Type of accommodation used           
    Hotel8318653543061,4481,70466161 2,7003,036
    Guest House/B&B75119118120474711165232 8321,182
    Rented House/Apartment4665841342242913209081,086 1,7992,214
    Friends/Relatives1431992,8862,665575511126213 3,7303,588
    Other242302560431608856677875 2,0882,464
    Total1,7572,0694,0533,7463,3964,1021,9422,568 11,14812,484
Table 5a Number of bednights spent in Ireland by non-residents on overseas trips cross classified by type of accommodation used and reason for journey, Years 2016 and 2017
           '000
BednightsReason for journey   
BusinessVisit to Friends/RelativesHoliday/Leisure/ RecreationOther Total
 20162017201620172016201720162017 20162017
Type of accommodation used           
    Hotel3,8563,8141,7692,05012,36912,853528465 18,52219,183
    Guest House/B&B5076187958645,5496,1011,0031,010 7,8548,594
    Rented House/Apartment2,3002,4498529332,4432,5464,7924,897 10,38710,825
    Friends/Relatives88276012,72912,2742,8443,080764854 17,21916,969
    Other1,2181,4372,1982,2325,0255,5393,9753,874 12,41713,082
    Total8,7649,07818,34318,35528,23030,11811,06211,101 66,39968,652
Table 6 Estimated average length of stay (nights) by non-residents on all overseas trips to Ireland classified by area of residence and reason for journey, 2015 - Quarter 1 2018
      Nights
 201520162017  2017 2018
Average length of stay
    Jan-MarApr-JunJul-SepOct-Dec Jan-Mar
All overseas trips to Ireland 7.16.96.9  6.26.67.66.9 6.5
Trips by area of residence          
    Great Britain4.34.24.4  4.04.35.23.9 3.9
    France8.69.49.3  8.68.19.511.3 9.1
    Germany9.58.68.3  8.47.58.88.7 7.5
    Italy8.67.88.5  5.78.89.09.6 6.9
    Other Europe8.78.97.8  7.17.48.87.8 8.0
    USA & Canada7.77.26.9  6.07.07.36.8 6.2
    Australia & New Zealand12.312.512.6  15.811.212.512.1 13.8
    All other areas15.115.615.5  16.512.014.720.3 19.1
Trips by reason for journey          
    Business5.35.76.1  5.05.76.67.3 5.9
    Visit to Friends/Relatives7.37.27.2  7.46.88.26.2 7.1
    Holiday/Leisure/Recreation6.56.46.4  4.96.37.75.5 5.2
    Other11.910.09.4  9.49.27.112.8 10.5
Table 6a Estimated average length of stay (nights) by non-residents on all overseas trips to Ireland cross classified by area of residence and reason for journey, Quarter 1 2017 and Quarter 1 2018
Nights
Average length of stayReason for journey 
 BusinessVisit to Friends/Relatives Holiday/Leisure/ RecreationOther Total
 Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018 Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018
Area of Residence           
Great Britain2.83.05.35.23.43.53.21.9 4.03.9
France8.96.17.88.24.86.023.923.2 8.69.1
Germany5.67.09.26.66.55.723.217.3 8.47.5
Italy7.37.95.77.64.23.611.116.0 5.76.9
Other Europe7.010.48.27.44.75.511.313.5 7.18.0
USA & Canada5.94.79.38.66.66.62.33.9 6.06.2
All other areas (incl. Australia & New Zealand)14.215.917.417.69.29.233.136.5 16.317.5
Total5.05.97.47.14.95.29.410.5 6.26.5
Table 6b Estimated average length of stay (nights) by non-residents on all overseas trips to Ireland cross classified by area of residence and reason for journey, Years 2016 and 2017
Nights
Average length of stayReason for journey  
 BusinessVisit to Friends/Relatives Holiday/Leisure/ RecreationOther Total
 20162017201620172016201720162017 20162017
Area of Residence           
Great Britain2.83.65.35.34.34.41.72.0 4.24.4
France8.010.97.36.57.87.321.521.9 9.49.3
Germany6.65.06.87.48.28.018.216.3 8.68.3
Italy8.311.17.87.76.16.012.116.1 7.88.5
Other Europe10.48.18.47.86.66.116.314.2 8.97.8
USA & Canada5.77.09.48.87.37.35.94.1 7.26.9
All other areas (incl. Australia & New Zealand)12.013.415.916.69.79.330.029.5 14.414.5
Total5.76.17.27.26.46.410.09.4 6.96.9
Table 7 Expenditure by non-residents on overseas trips to Ireland classified by type of trip, area of residence, reason for journey and total overseas tourism and travel earnings, 2015 - Quarter 1 2018
      € million
 201520162017 2017 2018
Estimated expenditure
    Jan-MarApr-JunJul-SepOct-Dec Jan-Mar
Total expenditure in Ireland (excluding fares) (1)4,2084,5774,874 6841,4081,7361,046 795
Fare receipts of Irish carriers from overseas travellers to Ireland (2)1,3221,4871,611 261468551331 284 1
Total overseas tourism and travel earnings (1) + (2) 5,5306,0646,485 9451,8762,2871,377 1,079 1
Total expenditure in Ireland (excluding fares) by trip type         
    Same-day trips384853 10161314 9
    Overnight trips4,1694,5294,822 6751,3921,7231,031 786
Total expenditure in Ireland (excluding fares) by area of residence          
    Great Britain9711,0611,007 198267303239 206
    France236274295 51829963 48
    Germany397388399 4013514678 55
    Italy153175190 23558033 30
    Other Europe771821883 121250316196 151
    USA & Canada1,1971,3351,523 152476580315 194
    Australia & New Zealand200204207 38537641 35
    All other areas283319370 619213781 76
Total expenditure in Ireland (excluding          
 fares) by reason for journey         
    Business675724766 151213199204 169
    Visit to Friends/Relatives 803864895 185218281211 181
    Holiday/Leisure/Recreation2,3302,5472,758 2838611,106507 350
    Other400443456 65116151124 95
1 Provisional data that may be subject to future revisions. 
Table 7a Total expenditure (excl fares) by non-residents on overseas trips to Ireland cross classified by area of residence and reason for journey, Quarter 1 2017 and Quarter 1 2018
€ million
Estimated expenditureReason for journey   
BusinessVisit to Friends/RelativesHoliday/Leisure/ RecreationOther Total
 Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018 Jan-Mar 2017Jan-Mar 2018
Area of Residence
Great Britain47567362748355 198206
France99772424129 5148
Germany81178202957 4055
Italy5533121636 2330
Other Europe3436293339562027 121151
USA & Canada3132303584114714 152194
All other areas (incl. Australia & New Zealand)1821373331291427 99110
Total1511691851812833506595 684795
Table 7b Total expenditure (excl fares) by non-residents on overseas trips to Ireland cross classified by area of residence and reason for journey, Years 2016 and 2017
€ million
Estimated expenditureReason for journey   
BusinessVisit to Friends/RelativesHoliday/Leisure/ RecreationOther Total
 20162017201620172016201720162017 20162017
Area of Residence           
Great Britain2342233443444554102830 1,0611,007
France313729311751874040 274295
Germany434332302852892837 388399
Italy2636181984964740 175190
Other Europe161184143130391434126136 821883
USA & Canada1301501431649631,1249886 1,3351,523
All other areas (incl. Australia & New Zealand)99941541781942187687 524577
Total7247668648952,5472,758443456 4,5774,874
Table 8 Number of overseas trips by Irish residents classified by mode of travel, type of trip, route of travel and reason for journey, 2015 - Quarter 1 2018
       '000
 201520162017 20172018
Trips
    Jan-MarApr-JunJul-SepOct-Dec Jan-Mar
Total overseas trips by Irish residents6,9657,4057,939 1,5692,1192,4951,7561,599
Trips by mode of travel         
     Air6,5617,0237,536 1,5162,0092,3191,6921,551
     Sea404382403 531101766448
Trips by type         
    Same-day trips 184181211 5965464141
    Overnight trips 6,7817,2247,728 1,5092,0542,4491,7151,558
Trips by route of travel         
    Cross channel2,6172,6832,877 673738794673656
    Continental3,7724,1424,376 7791,2171,472908799
    Transatlantic & Other Routes577580686 118163230175144
Trips by reason for journey         
    Business890817879 236240177227231
    Visit to Friends/Relatives1,6841,7511,790 441489455406404
    Holiday/Leisure/Recreation4,2094,5635,058 8551,3451,8081,050928
    Other 182273212 37465673 37
Table 9 Estimated average length of stay (nights) by Irish residents on all overseas trips classified by route of travel and reason for journey, 2015 - Quarter 1 2018
       Nights
 201520162017 2017 2018
Average length of stay
    Jan-MarApr-JunJul-SepOct-Dec Jan-Mar
All overseas trips by Irish residents7.67.67.2 6.06.89.06.06.2
Trips by route of travel        
    Cross channel5.05.04.8 4.54.66.14.04.4
    Continental8.48.68.2 6.97.710.16.97.1
    Transatlantic & Other Routes13.611.910.3 9.610.012.08.79.7
Trips by reason for journey        
    Business3.73.63.6 3.02.95.53.73.3
    Visit to Friends/Relatives6.85.85.4 5.65.16.24.55.6
    Holiday/Leisure/Recreation8.68.98.4 7.18.110.17.07.2
    Other 8.47.56.8 6.67.36.17.2 4.9
Table 10 Estimated expenditure by Irish residents on overseas trips classified by reason for journey and total overseas tourism and travel expenditure, 2015 - Quarter 1 2018
      € million
 201520162017 2017 2018
Estimated expenditure
    Jan-MarApr-JunJul-SepOct-Dec Jan-Mar
Total expenditure (including fares) (1)5,8436,3506,5941,1731,6642,3621,3941,299
Fare payments by Irish travellers abroad to Irish carriers (2)1,1481,2471,377221383487287252 1
Total overseas tourism and travel expenditure (1) - (2) 4,6955,1035,2179521,2811,8751,1071,047 1
Total expenditure (including fares) by reason for journey       
    Business650606617152164133169164
    Visit to Friends/Relatives968936909236245240188203
    Holiday/Leisure/Recreation4,0894,6084,9127631,2271,944977908
    Other 136199156 22284660 23
1 Provisional data that may be subject to future revisions.
Table 11 Tourism and travel estimated earnings from non-residents on overseas trips to Ireland and expenditure by Irish residents on overseas trips, 2015 - Quarter 1 2018
      € million
Estimated earnings and expenditure201520162017 2017 2018
    Jan-MarApr-JunJul-SepOct-Dec Jan-Mar
Overseas tourism and travel earnings from trips to Ireland5,5306,0646,485 9451,8762,2871,3771,079 1
Overseas tourism and travel expenditure by Irish travellers abroad 4,6955,1035,217 9521,2811,8751,1071,047 1
Tourism and travel balance8359611,268 -7595412270 32 1
1 Provisional data that may be subject to future revisions.

Background Notes

Introduction

The data in this release gives details on the number of overseas trips to Ireland and Irish trips abroad. It provides data on country of residence, reason for journey, the average length of stay (nights) and expenditure of overseas travellers to Ireland and by Irish residents on trips abroad.

Ireland

For the purposes of this release, Ireland refers to the Republic of Ireland.

Data Sources

The Central Statistics Office (CSO) carries out two sample surveys of passengers at airports and seaports. These are the Country of Residence Survey (CRS) and the Passenger Card Inquiry (PCI). Data from these surveys are used in conjunction with passenger movement figures supplied by the air and sea transport companies to provide the estimates for overseas tourism and travel in this release. The Country of Residence Survey is a continuous sample survey of passengers (both inward and outward) which provides an estimated country of residence breakdown for passengers entering and leaving Ireland. This distribution is applied to the total passenger movement figures to provide estimates of Irish trips abroad and trips to Ireland by non-residents. Trips to Ireland are categorised into the areas of residence shown in this release.

The Passenger Card Inquiry is a continuous sample survey of incoming and departing passengers. This survey provides information on the reason for journey, length of stay, expenditure and fare costs, in addition to residency. The results are combined with the overall residency estimates from the Country of Residence Survey to provide the overseas tourism and travel details shown in this release.

Periodicity

Quarterly.

Scope 

The length of stay, residency, reason for journey, accommodation type (inbound travellers only) expenditure and fare costs for overseas travel into and out of Ireland.

Coverage 

This release provides information on overseas travel into and out of Ireland. The results for overseas travel to Ireland are based on the travel and expenditure patterns of departing non-resident passengers while results for overseas travel by Irish residents are based on departing and incoming Irish passengers.

Travel by residents of Northern Ireland into or out of Ireland or travel within Ireland by Irish residents is excluded from this publication.

Data Collection 

This release is based on the results of the Passenger Card Inquiry. The PCI surveys passengers at Dublin, Cork, Shannon and Knock airports and at Rosslare, Ringaskiddy and Dublin seaports.  Data on the country of residence, length of stay, reason for journey, expenditure and fare costs is collected from passengers who complete a questionnaire provided by one of a team of Central Statistics Office (CSO) interviewers.  This data is also collected by the Office of National Statistics staff on behalf of the CSO at Holyhead seaport covering passengers coming into the Republic of Ireland from Holyhead.

Sample Design

A sample of flights and sailings is selected to facilitate proper representation of airport/seaport pairings (e.g. Dublin-London Heathrow), day, night, weekday and weekend flights/sailings. The PCI card is then distributed by CSO interviewers to all passengers on these flights and sailings.

Where expenditure or fare data is missing, results are imputed using the ‘nearest neighbour’ imputation methodology. In other words, these expenditures and fares are estimated using the average fares of other observations in the sample with similar characteristics.            

Sample Size 

The effective sample size for the PCI in Quarter 1 2018 was 37,000 passengers.

Definitions 

Trip

In this release, a trip is defined as a journey (usually including a return) from one place to another, for any purpose (i.e. both tourism and non-tourism). The number of trips is calculated as the sum of both outward journeys and inward journeys divided by two.

Same Day Traveller 

A traveller is classified as a same day traveller if his/her trip does not include an overnight stay.

Transit/Transfer Passengers

Transit passengers are defined as those who make a stop at an airport without any particular purpose other than being en route to another destination. These passengers generally do not disembark from their aircraft and are therefore not covered by the Passenger Card Inquiry.

Transfer passengers or ‘connecting passengers’ are also defined as those who make a stop at an airport without any particular purpose other than being en route to another destination. However, unlike transits, transfer passengers disembark the aircraft and pass through the airport en route to their connecting flight.  Such passengers are included in the estimates of trips and expenditure for the Tourism and Travel release and are treated in the same manner as same-day visits. They are surveyed for the Passenger Card Inquiry.

Country of Residence 

Country of Residence is defined as the country in which the person has resided for 12 months prior to interview.

Total Expenditure  

Total expenditure refers to the amount paid for the acquisition or consumption of goods and services for one’s own use or for use by others, for and during trips. It includes expenditure by travellers themselves, as well as expenses that are paid for or reimbursed by others. For example, expenses paid by another person (e.g. gift) or expenses paid directly by the employer for employees on business travel are included.

Total expenditure does not include purchases of land, real estate or motor vehicles.

Overseas Tourism & Travel Earnings

Overseas tourism and travel earnings refers to the total expenditure by overseas travellers while in Ireland plus fares paid by them to Irish air and sea carriers.

Overseas Tourism & Travel Expenditure 

Overseas tourism and travel expenditure refers to the total expenditure of Irish residents on overseas trips (including all fares) less fares paid by them to Irish air and sea carriers.

Tourism & Travel Balance 

This refers to the difference between tourism and travel earnings from overseas trips to Ireland and tourism and travel expenditure on trips abroad by Irish residents.

Rounding  

Individual figures have been rounded independently and the sum of component items therefore may not necessarily add to the totals shown.

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