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E-mail: environment@cso.ie Dympna Corry Gerry Brady
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CSO statistical release, , 11am

Business Energy Use

2018

Energy Consumption by Energy Product 2009-2018
€m ex. VAT
Energy Product2009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Electricity2,4672,4392,4242,5622,7292,6742,5862,5702,5892,973
Natural Gas1,7921,9761,8341,7652,0251,7521,5851,7541,7882,057
Petroleum Fuels439518470540530529426386412473
Solid Fuels464421426554462453497489443421
Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)37465160637169929995
Road Transport Fuels1,2421,3681,2831,3581,4201,3431,3531,0811,1021,236
Rail Transport Fuels45495761655949383031
Aviation Transport Fuels1,4371,4402,1002,3431,9781,8471,4421,3851,8722,463
           
Total7,9228,2578,6459,2419,2728,7278,0077,7958,3369,749

Electricity accounted for 30% of business energy costs in 2018

Figure 1: Distribution of Energy Consumption by Product 2018
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Purchases of electricity accounted for 30% of the total energy purchase costs by enterprises in 2018 (see Headline Table and Figure 1). Purchases of aviation transport fuels accounted for a further 25% followed by natural gas (21%) and road transport fuels (13%). Total energy costs rose from €7.9 billion in 2009 (the first year of this series) to €9.3 billion in 2013. They decreased to €7.8 billion in 2016 and then increased to €9.7 billion in 2018 (see Table 2C).

This release is based on the National Accounts residence principle. This means that energy used abroad by enterprises resident in Ireland is included e.g. flights between other countries by an Irish resident airline. Energy used in Ireland by foreign resident enterprises is not included. See Background Notes for more information.

The mix of energy products used by Irish enterprises in 2018 is given in Figure 1. In terms of kilotonnes of oil equivalent (ktoe), natural gas accounted for 33% of the total ktoe with aviation fuels accounting for a further 31%. Electricity comprised another 13% and solid fuels an additional 8% (see Table 2A).

In monetary terms, the proportion of total fuel purchase costs accounted for by each energy product in 2018 was quite different than the ktoe distribution (see Tables 2A and 2C). This difference is partly accounted for by electricity being used for final energy consumption whereas a substantial proportion of natural gas is used for intermediate consumption to make electricity (see Table 4A).

The Industry sector accounted for 48% of total non-domestic energy consumption in 2018 in terms of ktoe. The energy products used by industry have a lower relative cost than those used by the Services sector. Hence the proportion of purchase costs accounted for by the Industry sector was 37% in 2018 compared with 63% of fuel purchase costs being paid for by the Services sector. The total consumption by industry and services increased by 0.6% in quantity terms (ktoe) in 2018 and rose by 17% in cost terms (see Tables 1A and 1B).

The use of energy from renewables and from waste increased from 215 ktoe in 2009 to 397 ktoe in 2018 or by 85% over the nine years (see Table 2A).

 

Manufacture of Food, Beverages and TobaccoManufacture of Rubber, Plastic and Non-metallic Mineral ProductsManufacture of Basic Metals and Metal ProductsElectricity and GasWholesale, Retail and Vehicle RepairTransportation and StoragePublic Administration
ktoe545264353
Purchase Costs532177346

Tables 3A and 3B show the distribution of ktoe and purchase costs by NACE sector. The Electricity and Gas NACE sector (NACE 35) accounted for 26% of ktoe but for only 17% of costs. The Transport NACE sector (NACE 49-53) comprised 35% of ktoe and 34% of costs (international flights by Irish airlines accounted for a large proportion of this activity).

Tables 4A to 4J show the quantity of fuels used by each NACE sector in each year. The Electricity and Gas NACE sector (NACE 35) used 89% of Solid Fuels ktoe in 2018. The Manufacturing NACE sector (NACE 10-33) used 54% of Renewable Energy in 2018 and the Transport NACE sector (NACE 49-53) used 45% of Road Transport ktoe (see Table 4A). The corresponding data for purchase costs by each NACE sector in each year is shown in Tables 5A to 5J.

ktoePurchase Costs
20094629
20104729
20114426
20124424
20134426
20144324
20154325
20164428
20174226
20183924

Table 6A and Figure 3 shows the proportion of ktoe accounted for by the Emissions Trading Scheme sector. In 2009, 46% of ktoe was used by ETS installations. This proportion decreased to 39% in 2018. The corresponding data for purchase costs is shown in Table 6C. ETS companies accounted for 29% of total fuel costs in 2009. By 2012, ETS represented 24% of the total fuel costs. The proportion increased to 28% in 2016 and then decreased to 24% in 2018.                            

Table 7A shows the distribution of energy consumption by county. In 2018, Dublin consumed 67% of the total ktoe followed by Cork with 7% and Limerick with 6%. The corresponding shares of total energy costs are given in Figure 4 and Table 7B. Users should note that all activity was classified to the county that an enterprises headquarters is located in.

DublinCorkKildareLimerickGalwayMeathWexford
Counties63744222
Table 1A Energy Consumption in ktoe by Sector 2009-2018
ktoe
Sector2009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Industry7,0757,2436,6176,7516,4026,7056,6777,4037,2396,927
Services5,5385,7295,8855,9735,8025,5966,0146,6057,0017,397
           
Total (ktoe)12,61412,97212,50212,72412,20512,30112,69114,00814,24114,324
Table 1B Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Sector 2009-2018
€000
Sector2009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Industry3,469,8663,388,3513,187,7783,266,5173,464,7053,417,2483,102,0123,217,6583,265,0113,622,375
Services4,452,6024,868,8185,457,4505,974,8295,807,7255,309,7024,905,0964,577,1895,071,2886,126,722
           
Total (€000 excl. VAT)7,922,4698,257,1698,645,2289,241,3469,272,4318,726,9508,007,1087,794,8478,336,2999,749,098
Table 2A Energy Consumption in ktoe by Detailed Energy Product 2009-2018
ktoe
Energy Product2009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Electricity1,6911,7001,7691,6871,7091,7081,6781,7991,8171,891
          
Total Natural Gas4,2634,6044,0463,8853,8773,8783,7674,4714,6004,722
   of which:          
      Natural Gas (excl. CHP)3,3883,6633,3373,2013,2583,1103,0693,7263,8423,864
      Combined Heat and Power Plants875941710684619768697745758858
          
Total Petroleum Fuels844811689716715757725733726745
   of which:          
      Heavy Fuel Oil311314266256235216157154139132
      Diesel/Gas Oil/Marked Gas Oil292299228232238270271264263272
      Kerosene65646266787580838487
      Liquid Petroleum Gas6162657175839398107114
      Petroleum Coke11573689188113124133132141
          
Total Solid Fuels1,5891,6221,6401,9951,7151,7321,9291,8811,5841,145
   of which:          
      Coal9791,0991,1371,4071,1781,1631,3601,3391,070654
      Peat610523503588537569569542514491
          
Total Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)215272265297287341331374380397
   of which:          
      Wood Biomass117167151163154180156213199210
      Biogas45121191213121214
      Landfill Gas43454445424953504850
      Tallow42413736293736233237
      Wind Turbines0011011235
      Solid Recovered Fuel9141941536272748682
          
Total Road Transport Fuels1,2141,1639991,0161,0341,0171,108950942968
   of which:          
      Road Transport Petrol42432625312627272828
      Road Transport Diesel1,1681,1159689869969841,074917906932
      Road Transport Biodiesel3566777688
      Other Road Transport Fuels0000000000
           
Total Rail Transport Fuels46444443423939414242
   of which:          
      Rail Transport Diesel42404039393636373838
      Rail Transport Electricity4444434444
          
Total Aviation Transport Fuels2,7512,7563,0503,0842,8242,8293,1133,7594,1494,413
   of which:          
      Jet Kerosene2,7502,7553,0493,0832,8232,8283,1113,7584,1484,412
      Aviation Petrol1111111211
           
Total (ktoe)12,61412,97212,50212,72412,20512,30112,69114,00814,24114,324
Table 2B Energy Consumption in Reported Quantities by Detailed Energy Product 2009-2018
 
Energy Product2009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Electricity (kWh)19,668,436,76819,763,527,20420,566,169,49819,619,427,51819,873,968,33719,865,707,71919,517,297,12620,921,463,03421,123,920,88021,990,240,338
Natural Gas (kWh excl. CHP)39,395,745,45242,590,869,14238,799,868,06037,221,875,71237,886,100,21836,167,915,02735,686,964,14443,323,396,22744,678,401,43544,935,919,961
Combined Heat and Power Plants (kWh)10,173,751,69710,941,630,1748,250,544,8557,958,093,4977,198,118,0008,929,806,9498,109,999,0788,663,642,0998,812,206,4179,974,968,008
Heavy Fuel Oil (litres)335,145,038338,218,881286,761,678275,908,610253,776,646232,769,218169,695,778165,785,274150,199,017141,861,962
Diesel/Gas Oil/Marked Gas Oil (litres)333,657,730341,694,243261,291,449265,672,390272,033,890308,413,993309,838,696302,482,910301,209,920310,603,699
Kerosene (litres)77,212,00075,738,63973,335,02477,825,15992,721,46988,597,71594,690,27798,834,86099,555,560102,856,347
Liquid Petroleum Gas (litres)104,302,309105,634,617109,831,945120,551,628127,874,272141,390,942158,349,127166,399,378182,697,023193,605,977
Petroleum Coke (tonnes)150,13295,18388,288116,848114,900145,086162,976174,547174,129189,247
Coal (tonnes)1,471,4881,652,6391,709,7362,116,4811,771,9311,749,5632,045,5312,013,5091,609,085984,002
Peat (tonnes)3,327,6442,759,2102,618,0493,177,0652,797,5472,792,7842,780,7192,732,1262,659,1012,471,679
Wood Biomass (tonnes)375,977432,813408,752545,620510,045588,887511,789693,662646,307695,735
Biogas (kWh)47,968,29752,904,712137,354,604132,234,644108,566,119142,449,544146,191,418136,231,103138,481,056163,401,185
Landfill Gas (kWh)496,759,121522,001,332513,225,724525,696,792485,314,469568,820,240619,386,989581,178,920561,597,803578,885,692
Tallow (tonnes)46,35345,08641,01239,39631,56740,78040,08325,32935,17440,791
Wind Turbines (kWh)2,829,5964,631,58211,383,3056,928,0744,908,5496,570,18916,012,36218,205,92432,853,37953,084,197
Solid Recovered Fuel (tonnes)25,62745,94860,742126,964149,742173,603214,105226,361225,719226,111
Road Transport Petrol (litres)52,455,85953,208,28331,964,12730,984,35338,810,17332,145,04934,085,60333,296,91935,223,72434,841,218
Road Transport Diesel (litres)1,336,172,4281,275,614,4931,107,281,2491,127,382,0771,139,060,3011,125,591,3441,228,149,8181,049,049,0851,036,203,1211,065,977,714
Road Transport Biodiesel (litres)3,940,9486,289,5166,982,1447,263,3888,808,4199,013,2868,653,3446,985,55310,135,7719,910,046
Other Road Transport Fuels (kWh)0000417,363343,123382,50173,847105,879178,967
Rail Transport Diesel (litres)47,959,14246,090,45446,114,61245,090,32544,309,67240,637,58340,750,63642,060,00043,212,00043,212,000
Rail Transport Electricity (kWh)48,464,50148,364,50146,664,50146,743,02243,345,86740,550,12942,860,88445,816,79047,053,50348,035,503
Jet Kerosene (litres)3,264,029,6933,269,992,2943,618,754,7053,658,728,4343,350,535,6153,355,650,0083,692,398,0454,459,555,3544,923,101,8655,235,975,429
Aviation Petrol (litres)1,140,982863,475874,6791,089,6721,217,3541,333,5621,842,1511,938,1921,345,2881,474,036
Table 2C Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Detailed Energy Product 2009-2018
€000
Energy Product2009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Electricity2,466,8122,439,0262,423,7192,561,7022,728,6432,673,6502,585,5472,569,6242,589,4822,973,419
           
Total Natural Gas1,792,0681,976,3771,834,1241,764,5002,024,7281,751,9691,584,7491,754,2321,788,2412,056,703
   of which:          
      Natural Gas (excl. CHP)1,527,5201,652,8501,522,5411,504,2121,756,0251,470,4101,383,4601,599,3691,616,6181,808,662
      Combined Heat and Power Plants264,548323,527311,584260,288268,703281,559201,288154,863171,623248,041
          
Total Petroleum Fuels439,322518,276470,386539,965530,381528,607426,019385,602412,028473,023
   of which:          
      Heavy Fuel Oil133,685168,909142,973172,241151,436137,27488,04377,17971,88080,893
      Diesel/Gas Oil/Marked Gas Oil198,155234,125202,196220,775217,375233,543197,155166,271182,965208,996
      Kerosene41,85851,12656,96063,78773,72766,63555,75754,59160,05468,323
      Liquid Petroleum Gas46,84056,55261,51671,40075,53178,03671,36074,82982,44595,497
      Petroleum Coke18,7857,5646,74211,76112,31113,11813,70412,73214,68419,313
          
Total Solid Fuels464,451420,983425,920554,353462,041453,156497,420489,350443,400421,176
   of which:          
      Coal113,152123,481150,050211,171159,816150,919188,576185,887148,070117,624
      Peat351,299297,502275,870343,182302,225302,237308,844303,463295,330303,552
          
Total Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)36,62945,92450,76559,50363,47170,64368,66392,21298,69695,424
   of which:          
      Wood Biomass13,87521,19925,30133,19535,27640,21436,96761,39966,22558,779
      Biogas1,9192,1152,8412,7901,8593,3101,8992,9952,2944,473
      Landfill Gas19,87120,88020,33721,23324,05124,43126,00024,01123,11123,632
      Tallow1311124553
      Wind Turbines2474567153,2764,752
      Solid Recovered Fuel9611,7232,2782,2792,2792,6793,7863,7863,7863,786
          
Total Road Transport Fuels1,241,6751,367,5351,282,9721,357,8441,419,7271,342,6331,353,1211,081,3801,102,0741,235,606
   of which:          
      Road Transport Petrol46,00655,27537,94638,88151,31841,92540,14538,22840,82344,163
      Road Transport Diesel1,191,6001,305,7521,237,7881,311,4511,359,6021,291,6801,303,6131,035,6531,051,2951,181,127
      Road Transport Biodiesel4,0706,5087,2377,5118,7628,9919,3217,4909,93110,286
      Other Road Transport Fuels000044374292530
           
Total Rail Transport Fuels44,82549,35257,43360,53265,00558,95549,37937,73430,03930,963
   of which:          
      Rail Transport Diesel38,70344,84652,06354,24459,37552,42242,78831,12823,84523,845
      Rail Transport Electricity6,1224,5065,3706,2885,6306,5336,5916,6066,1947,118
           
Total Aviation Transport Fuels1,436,6871,439,6962,099,9092,342,9481,978,4361,847,3381,442,2111,384,7121,872,3372,462,784
   of which:          
      Jet Kerosene1,435,6941,438,7992,098,8782,341,5741,976,8171,845,6071,440,0371,382,4641,870,7762,460,909
      Aviation Petrol9938971,0311,3731,6191,7312,1742,2481,5611,875
           
Total (€000 excl. VAT)7,922,4698,257,1698,645,2289,241,3469,272,4318,726,9508,007,1087,794,8478,336,2999,749,098
Table 3A Energy Consumption in ktoe by Detailed NACE Rev.2 Sector 2009-2018
ktoe
NACE Rev. 2 Sector2009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)14312612311211411177868179
Manufacture of Food, Beverages and Tobacco (10-12)581561591638630706680704751765
Manufacture of Wood and Paper (16-18)143176158149124151125125132139
Manufacture of Chemicals (20)108134161156149153157155163171
Manufacture of Pharmaceuticals (21)210177150149149154149180178182
Manufacture of Rubber, Plastic and Non-metallic Mineral Products (22-23)404324327355347466463491506572
Manufacture of Basic Metals and Metal Products (24-25)435476488493638648637661688684
Manufacture of Electronic and Electrical Equipment (26-27)103981008499111118124127128
Other Manufacturing146133166157181234202229230228
Electricity and Gas (35)4,4854,7784,1924,2613,8023,7063,8174,3764,1083,754
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)25614710110482143127152145140
Construction (41-43)6011459939012212612113285
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)499523494473519506554522531541
Transportation and Storage (49-53)3,4623,5893,7683,7933,4513,4423,7084,3334,7235,070
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)239180225224229218231228225207
Information and Communication (58-63)10491134140169172206213249253
Financial, Insurance and Real Estate Activities (64-68)101113102948981958390113
Public Administration (84)452576545549550420421432419441
Education (85)183204186200227215224242239244
Health, Residential Care and Social Work Activities (86-88)211181170194208206215213208195
Other Services Sectors288271261305361335360338320334
            
Total (ktoe)12,61412,97212,50212,72412,20512,30112,69114,00814,24114,324
Table 3B Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Detailed NACE Rev.2 Sector 2009-2018
€000
NACE Rev. 2 Sector2009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)97,00083,32590,64290,63293,29789,04851,72154,78153,28462,259
Manufacture of Food, Beverages and Tobacco (10-12)310,840295,617363,480401,298419,023458,707409,367389,960447,204465,974
Manufacture of Wood and Paper (16-18)68,36057,37063,26473,47277,04488,54067,58264,51982,79078,750
Manufacture of Chemicals (20)68,47675,94493,718100,098109,365105,082109,09598,76996,362110,285
Manufacture of Pharmaceuticals (21)160,135116,546103,490103,945115,520120,954113,829115,390117,721125,068
Manufacture of Rubber, Plastic and Non-metallic Mineral Products (22-23)213,004152,312181,630192,108198,391254,187216,619210,837221,006300,912
Manufacture of Basic Metals and Metal Products (24-25)100,502155,003243,694222,793276,667270,632180,111145,139175,428203,325
Manufacture of Electronic and Electrical Equipment (26-27)121,68085,946107,58878,23099,966106,058109,87599,223103,465118,504
Other Manufacturing152,192105,824139,489143,969177,729216,494167,912176,071184,174212,363
Electricity and Gas (35)1,869,0661,974,9851,662,0611,657,9661,709,7191,419,2001,417,8281,598,8401,506,1031,689,770
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)253,060161,10396,297112,14589,916163,277142,136155,537151,750160,831
Construction (41-43)55,551124,37742,42689,86198,069125,067115,937108,590125,72594,335
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)577,943641,577620,155647,578707,102694,289704,070660,243632,009689,256
Transportation and Storage (49-53)2,210,1992,422,4663,006,2903,271,4332,831,7942,656,0912,182,9362,034,4492,527,3893,297,715
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)231,680198,444242,500248,459259,639239,044250,994245,415248,080251,665
Information and Communication (58-63)123,250128,080148,895177,541224,486223,763260,313239,273291,325317,082
Financial, Insurance and Real Estate Activities (64-68)116,860128,200114,649109,747109,491101,046116,55390,59387,181125,312
Public Administration (84)529,066694,479689,845744,255771,148534,732514,811503,243496,299576,491
Education (85)184,266195,872188,903218,154262,665246,713246,088249,927252,526281,641
Health, Residential Care and Social Work Activities (86-88)180,462159,738164,509206,620221,396221,076221,291207,774207,446204,812
Other Services Sectors298,877299,961281,704351,040420,005392,948408,039346,273329,034382,749
           
Total (€000 excl. VAT)7,922,4698,257,1698,645,2289,241,3469,272,4318,726,9508,007,1087,794,8478,336,2999,749,098
Table 4A Energy Consumption in ktoe by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2018
ktoe
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (ktoe)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)20192215040079
Manufacturing (10-33)6131,49135910621684002,869
Electricity and Gas (35)212,540481,02411110003,754
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)611280273200140
Construction (41-43)1013800350085
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)27496370213300541
Transportation and Storage (49-53)116403500432424,4055,070
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)875229013800207
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)3273001370238508880
Other Services Sectors3631713301711500699
         
Total (ktoe)1,8914,7227451,145397968424,41314,324
Table 4B Energy Consumption in ktoe by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2017
ktoe
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (ktoe)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)21142419040081
Manufacturing (10-33)5931,45335310220469002,774
Electricity and Gas (35)92,483391,4621077004,108
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)5813140243600145
Construction (41-43)252446003600132
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)25991310114900531
Transportation and Storage (49-53)84272500404424,1414,723
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)1005829113500225
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)3262891340297908865
Other Services Sectors3431483201312200658
         
Total (ktoe)1,8174,6007261,584380942424,14914,241
Table 4C Energy Consumption in ktoe by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2016
ktoe
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (ktoe)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)24142419060086
Manufacturing (10-33)5781,40532410718767002,669
Electricity and Gas (35)222,396781,7551169004,376
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)6821150232500152
Construction (41-43)242733003700121
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)26282330114400522
Transportation and Storage (49-53)72242300425413,7494,333
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)1056328012900228
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)3293031370317909887
Other Services Sectors3161373901412800634
         
Total (ktoe)1,7994,4717331,881374950413,75914,008
Table 4D Energy Consumption in ktoe by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2015
ktoe
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (ktoe)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)20152214050077
Manufacturing (10-33)5301,29231710620382012,531
Electricity and Gas (35)221,824781,8086816003,817
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)481370233500127
Construction (41-43)212541003800126
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)24881360118700554
Transportation and Storage (49-53)62222400458393,1023,708
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)926930023800231
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)32430212902175010860
Other Services Sectors3101244201217300662
         
Total (ktoe)1,6783,7677251,9293311,108393,11312,691
Table 4E Energy Consumption in ktoe by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2014
ktoe
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (ktoe)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)341931200800111
Manufacturing (10-33)5741,28937410719978012,623
Electricity and Gas (35)41,939631,605877003,706
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)6222140202600143
Construction (41-43)222430004600122
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)24376270115800506
Transportation and Storage (49-53)71242300468392,8173,442
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)907328032300218
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)32328313201973011842
Other Services Sectors2851293501013000588
         
Total (ktoe)1,7083,8787571,7323411,017392,82912,301
Table 4F Energy Consumption in ktoe by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2013
ktoe
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (ktoe)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)361927240800114
Manufacturing (10-33)4941,1403688215872012,315
Electricity and Gas (35)22,056431,608857003,802
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)2185021260082
Construction (41-43)19211600320090
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)24582270116400519
Transportation and Storage (49-53)63232200487422,8133,451
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)987432042000229
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)44529913701579010984
Other Services Sectors285155380213900619
         
Total (ktoe)1,7093,8777151,7152871,034422,82412,205
Table 4G Energy Consumption in ktoe by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2012
ktoe
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (ktoe)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)3821222101000112
Manufacturing (10-33)4729953709618267012,181
Electricity and Gas (35)42,244521,876778004,261
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)261060224100104
Construction (41-43)23213521120093
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)25267290112300473
Transportation and Storage (49-53)70252100559433,0733,793
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)968027021800224
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)44129311101178010943
Other Services Sectors265131410110100540
         
Total (ktoe)1,6873,8857161,9952971,016433,08412,724
Table 4H Energy Consumption in ktoe by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2011
ktoe
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (ktoe)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)4423261901100123
Manufacturing (10-33)53490735110716380012,142
Electricity and Gas (35)62,538551,514727004,192
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)331160193200101
Construction (41-43)1618210040059
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)26281260112400494
Transportation and Storage (49-53)78252200559443,0393,768
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)1046829032200225
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)432255116068309901
Other Services Sectors26111937007901497
         
Total (ktoe)1,7694,0466891,640265999443,05012,502
Table 4I Energy Consumption in ktoe by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2010
ktoe
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (ktoe)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)412427260800126
Manufacturing (10-33)47687337512118746012,079
Electricity and Gas (35)203,111961,4756511004,778
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)4722140115300147
Construction (41-43)39115600800114
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)25179250016800523
Transportation and Storage (49-53)98393500626442,7463,589
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)765318013200180
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)434299129058708962
Other Services Sectors21893380112401475
         
Total (ktoe)1,7004,6048111,6222721,163442,75612,972
Table 4J Energy Consumption in ktoe by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2009
ktoe
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (ktoe)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)4224342801600143
Manufacturing (10-33)53585840310914383012,131
Electricity and Gas (35)242,8321111,452587004,485
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)7332240712000256
Construction (41-43)173310080060
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)24166310016100499
Transportation and Storage (49-53)77282400540462,7463,462
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)936628034900239
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)371272118047703845
Other Services Sectors21982390015201493
         
Total (ktoe)1,6914,2638441,5892151,214462,75112,614
Table 5A Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2018
€000
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (€000 excl. VAT)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)23,7178,82215,6479,42004,6520062,259
Manufacturing (10-33)805,669497,060165,88919,14724,940102,25302231,615,181
Electricity and Gas (35)34,3671,178,77333,162392,21537,08114,173001,689,770
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)98,7545,4856,039010,40440,14800160,831
Construction (41-43)18,60765928,85301546,2010094,335
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)437,50347,70531,22751,406171,41000689,256
Transportation and Storage (49-53)213,17323,01430,152623543,12230,9632,457,2623,297,715
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)152,08025,60622,44335547050,71100251,665
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)646,299174,691111,886013,069111,96805,0311,062,944
Other Services Sectors543,25094,88627,725298,016150,9690268825,143
         
Total (€000 excl. VAT)2,973,4192,056,703473,023421,17695,4241,235,60630,9632,462,7849,749,098
Table 5B Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2017
€000
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (€000 excl. VAT)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)22,23349914,68510,79305,0740053,284
Manufacturing (10-33)719,714444,937143,60614,33724,96980,27903071,428,149
Electricity and Gas (35)14,5381,005,77821,411417,89039,1517,335001,506,103
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)87,3476,2408,89508,14141,12600151,750
Construction (41-43)33,54511,29535,54403845,30400125,725
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)391,15243,46023,06381,040173,28600632,009
Transportation and Storage (49-53)133,65113,99519,401955462,13630,0391,868,1032,527,389
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)155,66126,81721,65534453743,06600248,080
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)571,121168,06099,160018,72595,30703,897956,270
Other Services Sectors460,52167,15924,607206,041149,161030707,539
         
Total (€000 excl. VAT)2,589,4821,788,241412,028443,40098,6961,102,07430,0391,872,3378,336,299
Table 5C Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2016
€000
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (€000 excl. VAT)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)23,25885513,60610,36606,6970054,781
Manufacturing (10-33)671,235397,550120,73715,61220,58373,54706441,299,909
Electricity and Gas (35)32,7581,016,93939,845462,92436,11310,262001,598,840
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)101,1338,6749,10807,82728,79400155,537
Construction (41-43)32,5008,48822,4850445,11300108,590
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)427,73642,71622,05851345167,33600660,243
Transportation and Storage (49-53)111,17612,76917,2854336475,46637,7341,379,9402,034,449
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)162,10127,66020,30528457134,49400245,415
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)574,905175,98292,917020,26493,10503,772960,944
Other Services Sectors432,82362,59827,256706,470146,5650356676,138
         
Total (€000 excl. VAT)2,569,6241,754,232385,602489,35092,2121,081,38037,7341,384,7127,794,847
Table 5D Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2015
€000
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (€000 excl. VAT)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)22,33116215,1937,82906,2070051,721
Manufacturing (10-33)680,958430,714135,71815,34718,37792,46608091,374,389
Electricity and Gas (35)38,996813,98447,801473,95023,93019,167001,417,828
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)84,1315,3634,89507,34840,40000142,136
Construction (41-43)28,8649,70930,1030547,25600115,937
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)404,79941,75327,42337443229,61302704,070
Transportation and Storage (49-53)104,50011,87218,6714124562,34649,3791,436,1042,182,936
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)149,67631,50221,86614691246,89300250,994
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)601,957175,42294,393012,21593,39704,807982,190
Other Services Sectors469,33664,26729,957705,409215,3770489784,906
         
Total (€000 excl. VAT)2,585,5471,584,749426,019497,42068,6631,353,12149,3791,442,2118,007,108
Table 5E Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2014
€000
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (€000 excl. VAT)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)41,12680726,10110,3681910,6270089,048
Manufacturing (10-33)779,611506,010200,27214,66817,776101,81605021,620,655
Electricity and Gas (35)7,279902,04243,517427,84029,5129,010001,419,200
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)100,75810,06411,01906,98134,45600163,277
Construction (41-43)31,1219,93824,5900559,41400125,067
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)411,68743,65226,07738191212,625020694,289
Transportation and Storage (49-53)118,43814,65821,344389604,00558,9551,838,6442,656,091
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)146,33734,55924,6491471,23232,12000239,044
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)600,997164,523119,43009,406100,51307,6511,002,521
Other Services Sectors436,29565,71731,608585,512178,0470520717,757
         
Total (€000 excl. VAT)2,673,6501,751,969528,607453,15670,6431,342,63358,9551,847,3388,726,950
Table 5F Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2013
€000
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (€000 excl. VAT)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)44,54485423,57513,4832310,8170093,297
Manufacturing (10-33)672,622466,261208,40911,34813,618100,95004971,473,705
Electricity and Gas (35)3,9051,195,48534,254436,86130,8178,397001,709,719
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)34,8164,4174,81909,53536,3280089,916
Construction (41-43)28,32910,11015,41101044,2100098,069
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)404,52245,85126,9013585229,70405707,102
Transportation and Storage (49-53)105,75213,88321,7468137655,51865,0051,969,7702,831,794
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)161,86137,96329,4341661,58628,62900259,639
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)826,966173,669129,419146,821110,76307,5581,255,209
Other Services Sectors445,32576,23436,41452939194,4120606753,981
         
Total (€000 excl. VAT)2,728,6432,024,728530,381462,04163,4711,419,72765,0051,978,4369,272,431
Table 5G Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2012
€000
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (€000 excl. VAT)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)43,41776919,76312,4397414,1700090,632
Manufacturing (10-33)593,909385,288213,92315,48315,70890,97906241,315,913
Electricity and Gas (35)5,6281,043,70343,321526,07929,7799,457001,657,966
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)39,0414,5845,28007,47155,76900112,145
Construction (41-43)32,1059,26333,4323020514,8260089,861
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)411,13237,23128,43237149170,585012647,578
Transportation and Storage (49-53)110,75213,87121,3919143730,46760,5322,334,2863,271,433
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)159,07936,61926,28514192425,41200248,459
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)768,472170,090109,74504,745108,52607,4521,169,029
Other Services Sectors398,16763,08238,39453405137,6540574638,329
         
Total (€000 excl. VAT)2,561,7021,764,500539,965554,35359,5031,357,84460,5322,342,9489,241,346
Table 5H Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2011
€000
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (€000 excl. VAT)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)42,5311,22121,57110,5546614,6990090,642
Manufacturing (10-33)596,892387,104180,82514,56813,604102,70806521,296,353
Electricity and Gas (35)6,8821,180,62337,995400,22427,6178,721001,662,061
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)38,1865,2445,69305,94141,2340096,297
Construction (41-43)16,3466,79214,942404,3430042,426
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)390,87938,68624,65734123165,77005620,155
Transportation and Storage (49-53)115,80912,40620,8005549707,61957,4332,092,1213,006,290
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)158,17429,37225,34443691328,26000242,500
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)701,658118,621106,611182,302107,92806,1191,043,257
Other Services Sectors356,36254,05631,95027151101,69101,012545,249
         
Total (€000 excl. VAT)2,423,7191,834,124470,386425,92050,7651,282,97257,4332,099,9098,645,228
Table 5I Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2010
€000
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (€000 excl. VAT)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)39,12897420,17813,809569,1790083,325
Manufacturing (10-33)533,690251,200179,26513,11414,48752,27805271,044,562
Electricity and Gas (35)33,1421,446,78464,835393,85323,79512,575001,974,985
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)75,98110,21010,26505,24559,40200161,103
Construction (41-43)61,4275,61148,551908,77900124,377
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)375,09638,17419,1804023209,06004641,577
Transportation and Storage (49-53)151,60118,20429,9822455739,25849,3521,433,9912,422,466
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)121,18024,55315,7314534536,59000198,444
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)706,235139,016100,490421,58598,39104,3301,050,090
Other Services Sectors341,54441,65129,79847334142,0230844556,241
         
Total (€000 excl. VAT)2,439,0261,976,377518,276420,98345,9241,367,53549,3521,439,6968,257,169
Table 5J Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by Summary Energy Product and Summary NACE Rev.2 Sector 2009
€000
NACE Rev.2 SectorElectricityTotal Natural GasTotal Petroleum FuelsTotal Solid FuelsTotal Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)Total Road Transport FuelsTotal Rail Transport FuelsTotal Aviation Transport FuelsTotal (€000 excl. VAT)
Mining and Quarrying (05-09)45,2981,42519,08316,1964414,9540097,000
Manufacturing (10-33)707,126225,631157,65614,9248,28781,06205041,195,189
Electricity and Gas (35)36,6901,317,26151,708432,96522,4897,953001,869,066
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Waste Management (36-39)110,70614,87413,52503,079110,87600253,060
Construction (41-43)26,0881,65619,94419207,8240055,551
Wholesale, Retail, and Vehicle Repair (45-47)355,66330,12323,2075328168,86703577,943
Transportation and Storage (49-53)118,71512,56819,6706218580,29144,8251,434,0502,210,199
Accommodation and Food Services (55-56)139,21326,50718,9391631,13645,72200231,680
Public Administration, Education, Health and Care (84-88)603,566126,45987,647131,51873,34501,246893,793
Other Services Sectors323,74835,56427,9455412150,7820883538,987
         
Total (€000 excl. VAT)2,466,8121,792,068439,322464,45136,6291,241,67544,8251,436,6877,922,469
Table 6A Energy Consumption in ktoe by participation in Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) 2009-2018
ktoe
ETS2009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Yes5,7436,1285,5355,6555,3465,3475,4786,1245,9135,571
No6,8716,8446,9677,0706,8586,9547,2137,8848,3278,753
            
Total (ktoe)12,61412,97212,50212,72412,20512,30112,69114,00814,24114,324
Table 6B Energy Consumption in ktoe by Summary Energy Product and participation in Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) 2018
ktoe
Energy ProductEmissions Trading SchemeTotal
YesNo
Electricity2251,6661,891
Total Natural Gas3,7011,0214,722
Total Petroleum Fuels222523745
Total Solid Fuels1,14511,145
Total Renewable Energy (incl. Waste)271126397
Total Road Transport Fuels8960968
Total Rail Transport Fuels04242
Total Aviation Transport Fuels04,4134,413
    
Total (ktoe)5,5718,75314,324
Table 6C Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by participation in Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) 2009-2018
€000
ETS2009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Yes2,328,9542,433,6922,253,3172,256,2002,394,0732,096,5822,008,1382,152,4642,134,8762,371,326
No5,593,5155,823,4786,391,9116,985,1466,878,3586,630,3685,998,9705,642,3836,201,4227,377,772
           
Total (€000 excl. VAT)7,922,4698,257,1698,645,2289,241,3469,272,4318,726,9508,007,1087,794,8478,336,2999,749,098
Table 7A Energy Consumption in ktoe by County 2009-2018
ktoe
County2009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Carlow42383539383934353939
Cavan181148128158125160179182184230
Clare74797670759891989175
Cork5677619669719008389121,0811,060944
Donegal85786564686465677275
Dublin8,7698,9268,3648,5867,9547,8518,2269,2699,4729,566
Galway199197169182174178170164141148
Kerry123115108105113105109107109120
Kildare371358354330341374407417438427
Kilkenny115128119115113116116111128147
Laois31272524262623243232
Leitrim11111615222223221818
Limerick592652625653806829822872846858
Longford25294236313542343440
Louth259215187217222266284297294308
Mayo78687875728185958292
Meath140159141140153167159167192196
Monaghan57385042489046354747
Offaly240222229223223243221246239248
Roscommon31333426282928292728
Sligo58685250726062475359
Tipperary171197183162174172184188191169
Waterford157154175154148145112120152141
Westmeath788788859910710111411398
Wexford96128132144123132125112125151
Wicklow61515048516653635455
Foreign45118691511912
            
Total (ktoe)12,61412,97212,50212,72412,20512,30112,69114,00814,24114,324
Table 7B Energy Consumption in Thousand Euro by County 2009-2018
€000
County2009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Carlow36,99930,96229,29735,96737,94835,66728,87328,35533,10536,829
Cavan91,17077,66874,00092,66886,33795,43887,27098,266102,391119,061
Clare74,29581,47286,99987,58198,335105,10289,79783,03175,57988,213
Cork470,985594,013688,582740,390751,405638,886667,512704,202695,670722,849
Donegal86,32188,82775,89380,19087,24278,61573,69673,52378,94494,379
Dublin4,980,2845,091,5995,343,1725,794,8535,617,9555,195,0284,699,6344,570,9945,073,1586,118,175
Galway207,421220,274193,419227,789233,751207,569200,935187,441162,051185,204
Kerry102,601104,02495,36998,598110,89992,32488,27480,22082,41699,047
Kildare350,291329,481344,732330,862347,614360,715380,414356,788396,480423,893
Kilkenny90,380106,443102,681102,793106,469104,01098,76683,034110,008129,652
Laois32,36531,57930,05331,10935,89135,12629,31928,53339,37642,453
Leitrim11,83513,79321,13520,50131,06428,51927,68424,87719,73723,179
Limerick248,159324,685379,496368,857438,571440,672356,460335,873304,235361,800
Longford24,74531,03937,86134,95538,29242,42144,11134,81035,54348,097
Louth146,737122,147102,715116,028121,299123,058139,623133,263112,000136,998
Mayo80,46167,47679,81681,73382,50886,50985,38384,42479,81389,887
Meath134,660154,662145,407155,666185,704162,210158,774156,657179,794210,329
Monaghan59,19541,71858,42353,57561,624111,83651,57035,81953,03956,865
Offaly144,553138,241128,495139,359130,954139,013126,142126,047133,937142,110
Roscommon29,52633,70835,03829,12730,76425,39722,25822,88522,23826,865
Sligo69,09082,38363,03665,23280,38563,80960,50942,55243,27755,132
Tipperary133,378145,798142,603142,616159,965142,737130,137139,086149,409139,566
Waterford89,50888,788108,073110,571110,731110,68994,86790,153104,543108,720
Westmeath64,56265,64663,55558,65971,77269,59961,02771,77466,54262,265
Wexford95,835133,618148,541172,098140,589144,007122,767130,434111,920152,409
Wicklow61,46951,81851,84757,18563,32873,63859,44357,87758,62958,554
Foreign5,6425,30714,99212,38211,03414,35821,86313,92812,46316,565
            
Total (€000 excl. VAT)7,922,4698,257,1698,645,2289,241,3469,272,4318,726,9508,007,1087,794,8478,336,2999,749,098

Background Notes

Introduction

The Business Energy Use (BEU) survey was first undertaken in 2009 and it has been conducted on an annual basis since then. The primary purpose of the survey is to provide estimates of the quantities and costs of energy products used by enterprises in the Industry and Services sectors to operate their businesses. The CSO Business Statistics Division is responsible for selecting the sample, obtaining returns, and conducting initial editing. In 2013 the CSO Environment and Climate Division was assigned responsibility for the questionnaire design, detailed processing, integration of other data sources, weighting, and publication.

Legal basis

The BEU survey is a compulsory survey conducted under the Statistics (Business Energy Use Survey) Order 2018 (S.I. No. 509 of 2018) made under the Statistics Act, 1993.

Coverage

The sampling unit for the survey is an enterprise. The samples for the 2009 to 2016 surveys were selected from enterprises with 10 or more employees on the CSO Business Register. In 2017 the sample was broadened to include enterprises with 3-9 employees to give a better representation of smaller companies in the weighting. The annual sample is around 5,000 with a response rate of around 60%. A smaller sample was used in 2010 when only Industry enterprises were covered. In 2011, only Services enterprises were included in the sample.

Energy use by enterprises and family farms in NACE Divisions 01-03 (Agriculture, forestry and fishing) are not included in the results. Energy use by households is also excluded.

Both quantity and cost data are collected. Value Added Tax is excluded from the purchase cost.

National Accounts Residence Principle

This release is based on the National Accounts residence principle. This means that energy used abroad by enterprises resident in Ireland is included. Energy used in Ireland by foreign resident enterprises is not included e.g. fuel purchased by foreign hauliers in Ireland. The territory principle, which is used in Energy Balances and in the Greenhouse Gas Emission inventory, does not include energy used abroad by enterprises resident in Ireland but includes energy used in Ireland by enterprises that are not resident in Ireland e.g. road hauliers. This methodological difference is particularly important for aviation transport fuels.

Transformation fuels

The use of natural gas to produce electricity was collected as a separate item in the questionnaire. The use of other fuels such as coal and peat were recorded under their own categories and the transformation use of those fuels was not collected in the BEU questionnaire. In some cases, it can be inferred e.g. purchases of coal by enterprises producing electricity.

Weighting

The CSO’s Business Register provided the frame from which the annual BEU survey sample was selected. The register was used to weight sample data to the population by calculating factors based on the number of employees in the sample and in the register at NACE Rev.2 Division level. Some non-typical returns were assigned a weight of one to prevent them having an influence on other returns.

Questionnaire

The BEU e-Form is available on the CSO’s website at: Business Energy Use Survey Forms.

The form has changed since the survey commenced in 2009. A specific question on road transport fuels was introduced in the 2013 survey.

The scope of the survey includes purchases of transformation fuels, e.g. to produce electricity, as well as final energy consumption uses.

The 2020 survey form collected data on the following categories:

  • Electricity purchased
  • Electricity self-generated
  • Natural gas
  • Petroleum products
  • Road transport energy products
  • Coal
  • Renewable energy and Energy from waste
  • Other energy
  • Heating system / Air conditioning
  • Other transport energy products

Additional Data Sources

The survey returns were boosted with the inclusion of data from non-CSO administrative data sources and CSO structural business surveys. This was done to: maximise the use of existing data; to increase consistency with air emissions and energy balances data; and to increase the effective sample so that the survey could be weighted at NACE Rev.2 Division level. The additional data sources comprise a mixture of enterprise and local kind-of-activity unit. Some of the additional data sources only collect quantity data while others only collect data on fuel purchase costs. The CSO used average costs at NACE sector level to overcome these shortcomings.

To integrate the administrative data with the survey returns, the CSO matched the administrative registers with the CSO Business Register to obtain information on NACE sector and employment and to ensure that no company was included more than once from the different data sources. In some cases, a survey respondent was also included in an administrative data source. In these cases, the CSO compared and combined the responses as necessary e.g. the different data sources collected different energy product categories.

The CSO obtained access to the administrative microdata under the Statistics Act, 1993 which allows such data to be used by the CSO for statistical purposes.

- Emissions Trading Scheme

The Environmental Protection Agency collects quantity data from licenced installations on an annual basis. The data include fuel quantities only. The CSO used a mixture of monetary data from other data sources (e.g. the ETS enterprise may have made a Business Energy Use survey return) and unit prices to estimate corresponding fuel costs. There were returns for around 150 installations in 2018 and these represented around 80 enterprises after being matched with the CSO Business Register i.e. ETS installations could belong to the same enterprise. The ETS scheme comprises large industrial users and hence accounts for a very large proportion of energy consumption relative to the number of returns. Some energy products, such as electricity, were not collected as part of the ETS return but it was extracted in some cases by the CSO from EPA Annual Environmental Reports or from other data sources.

Users requiring definitive ETS figures should contact the EPA.

 - Large Industry Energy Network

The Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland administers the LIEN scheme. In 2018 there were around 165 LIEN returns. These returns typically relate to large energy users. Both quantity and cost data are collected. While the CSO examined all LIEN data, in some cases we used the return from the BEU if the enterprise was included in both data sources.

 Users requiring definitive LIEN figures should contact the SEAI.

 - Public Sector Energy Programme

The Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland administers the energy monitoring and reporting scheme (M&R) under the PSEP. The returns comprise a mixture of utility meter data and directly collected data. The coverage of the scheme has broadened considerably in recent years to include more schools. PSEP returns were only included by the CSO if the public sector body had validated their meter numbers and submitted a return to SEAI for non-metered fuels. This large number of returns has resulted in a very high coverage of public sector energy use in the survey. Only quantity data were collected. The CSO used unit prices to estimate costs.

Users requiring definitive M&R figures should contact the SEAI.

- Annual Services Inquiry

The ASI is an annual multi-purpose CSO survey of the services sector with 2 or more employees. The ASI was a precursor to the Business Energy Use survey. Detailed fuel purchase costs were collected in occasional years prior to 2009. Since then only the total cost of fuel purchases was collected each year. The CSO used pre-2009 enterprise-level profiles to distribute the total fuel purchase costs across energy products at enterprise level and then used unit costs to estimate quantities. More generalised profiles were used for enterprises that could not be matched with pre-2009 ASI returns. Adjustments were made for some known fuel use trends that occurred after 2008 e.g. increased proportion of diesel vehicles.

ASI data was not used in cases where the enterprise was a respondent in the BEU survey or was included in the administrative data. The main purpose of using the ASI data was to get coverage across all services NACE Divisions especially medium and smaller sized enterprises. The ASI was particularly useful in 2010 when the services sector was not included in the BEU sample.

- Census of Industrial Production

The Census of Industrial Production is an annual multi-purpose CSO survey of enterprises with 10 or more employees. The CIP was a precursor to the Business Energy Use survey in so far as detailed fuel purchase costs were collected in occasional years prior to 2009. Since then only the total cost of fuel purchases was collected. The CSO used pre-2009 profiles to distribute the total fuel purchase costs across energy products at enterprise level and then used BEU unit costs to estimate quantities. More generalised profiles were used for enterprises that could not be matched with pre-2009 CIP returns.

CIP data were not used in cases where the enterprise was a respondent in the BEU survey or in the administrative data. The main purpose of using the CIP data was to get coverage across all industry NACE Divisions. The CIP was particularly useful in 2011 when the industry sector was not included in the BEU sample.

 - Overview of Returns by Data Source at Enterprise Level

The following table indicates the number of enterprise returns used to compile the Business Energy Use survey results. To distinguish the ETS and non-ETS sectors, we classified all ETS returns as ETS. In contrast, in some cases where there was both LIEN and BEU data for an enterprise and if the BEU return was used, then the source was described as BEU. The table shows how the inclusion of other data sources has greatly increased the effective sample to allow weighting to be done at NACE Rev. 2 Division level rather than at a more aggregated level. This more detailed level allows for more flexibility in aggregating the data e.g. energy industries.

Source

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

Business Energy Use survey

2,420

1,847

3,272

3,133

3,163

3,174

3,096

2,842

2,887

2,774

Emissions Trading Scheme

79

77

76

75

73

74

76

77

80

81

Large Industry Energy Network

30

39

70

28

31

44

46

62

57

56

Public Sector Energy Programme

191

225

219

246

2,188

2,287

2,300

2,284

2,252

2,084

Annual Services Inquiry

9,680

5,938

4,900

5,091

4,861

5,541

5,862

5,500

5,387

6,563

Census of Industrial Production

4,202

3,447

4,679

3,814

3,937

1,406

1,332

1,349

1,236

1,317

CSO imputed return

25

52

43

32

23

26

32

26

31

27

Total

16,627

11,625

13,259

12,419

14,276

12,552

12,744

12,140

11,930

12,902

Imputation

While the survey is enterprise focused, in some cases a fuel approach was needed to ensure that niche fuels were accurately included in the survey results e.g. wood waste. The CSO added a small number of imputed returns in cases where an annual survey return was not available for a company with very specialised energy use.

Some of the data sources had only quantity or monetary data and the CSO imputed the missing data using actual returns from other enterprises.

The fuels collected varied across each data source and in some cases the CSO imputed some data at fuel level as necessary to fill these gaps.

The breakdown of the ASI and CIP data by energy product was imputed using pre-2009 ASI and CIP data and BEU unit costs. Some adjustments were made to reflect trends in the use of energy products since 2009.

Explicit questions were not included in the survey for road transport fuels for 2009-2012 and for other transport fuels for 2009-2018. The CSO used a variety of data sources to produce estimates for these fuels for those years.

The BEU sample excludes NACE sectors O (Public Administration), P (Education), and Q (Health and Residential Care). Hence data for these NACE sectors come from the Public Sector Energy Programme which has fuel quantities only. The CSO used BEU unit prices to estimate purchase costs for the PSEP returns.

Consumption units

A kilotonne of oil equivalent (ktoe) is a common unit of measurement which enables quantities of different fuels to be compared and aggregated. The following conversion factors were used for 2009-2018:

Energy Productktoe (2009-2018)
1 kilowatt hour of electricity 0.000000086
1 kilowatt hour of natural gas 0.000000086
1 litre of heavy fuel oil 0.0009849 / 1062
1 litre of diesel 0.0010344 / 1183
1 litre of kerosene 0.0010556 / 1250
1 litre of liquid petroleum gas 0.0011263 / 1915
1 tonne of coal 0.000665
1 tonne of woodchip 0.0003181
1 tonne of woodpellets 0.0004127
1 litre of petrol 0.0010650 / 1325
1 litre of autodiesel 0.0010344 / 1183
1 litre of biodiesel 0.0000008
1 kilowatt hour of biogas 0.000000086
1 kilowatt hour of landfill gas 0.000000086
1 tonne of tallow 0.0009052
1 litre of jet kerosene 0.0010533  / 1250
1 litre of aviation petrol 0.0010650 / 1325

 

 Ktoe

1 tonne of peat

1 tonne of petroleum coke

1 tonne of solid recovered fuel

1 tonne of wood waste

2009 0.0001834 0.0007663 0.0003517 0.0003043
2010 0.0001895 0.0007663 0.0003060 0.0004115
2011 0.0001920 0.0007663 0.0003142 0.0003914
2012 0.0001850 0.0007767 0.0003250 0.0002749
2013 0.0001918 0.0007697 0.0003544 0.0002707
2014 0.0002037 0.0007797 0.0003565 0.0002765
2015 0.0002045 0.0007613 0.0003356 0.0002805
2016 0.0001985 0.0007642 0.0003279 0.0002711
2017 0.0001934 0.0007555 0.0003815 0.0002657
2018 0.0001987 0.0007456 0.0003612 0.0002641


NACE Rev. 2

The Statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community is NACE. The NACE classification is a way of categorising economic activities into a common structure. The survey data were weighted at NACE division level as this allows more flexibility in combining different NACE divisions and is more useful for compiling energy accounts and using the results in National Accounts Supply and Use tables.

In energy and emission inventory statistics, Transport is used to represent transport fuels rather than the NACE meaning of the transport sector. In the BEU results, transport fuels used by other NACE sectors were assigned to the NACE sector of the reporting enterprise. For example, road transport fuels used by waste collection vehicles were attributed to the NACE Rev.2 classification for the waste industry.

In Tables 3A and 3B Other Manufacturing includes NACE Rev.2 13-15, 19 and 28-33 and Other Services Sectors includes NACE Rev.2 69-75, 77-82 and 90-96. While in Tables 4A-4J and Tables 5A-5J Other Services Sectors includes NACE Rev.2 58-66, 68-75,77-82 and 90-96.

Revisions

Some figures that were published in the Business Energy Use 2017 release have been revised in this release. Some 2009-2018 data may be revised when the 2019 results are published. Aviation, marine, and rail fuels were not asked as explicit questions in the 2009-2018 surveys. If possible a time series for marine fuels will be compiled for a future release.

Renewable Fuels

Road diesel is pre-blended with biodiesel before being sold on forecourts. Hence purchases at forecourts include some amount of renewable fuels (around 5%). The CSO has not made an adjustment to the autodiesel figures to account for this mixing hence our estimate for biodiesel is lower than the actual levels and our estimate of road diesel is correspondingly higher.

The range of renewable fuels being used has broadened considerably in recent years. Amendments were made to the questionnaire to reflect this trend e.g. taking some fuels out of drop-down menus to ask them as individual questions.

In the Business Energy Use 2015 release, we published separate data for wood chips, wood pellets and wood waste. In subsequent releases we have combined wood chips, wood pellets, wood waste and wood logs as there were inconsistencies in the reporting of them across enterprises and across years.

Road Transport Fuels

These were not explicitly collected in the 2009-2012 BEU surveys hence the results presented for those years should be treated with caution as they were mainly compiled from the other data sources. In some cases, a BEU respondent provided data for road fuel in the 2009-2012 surveys e.g. under diesel. The CSO reassigned such fuel to autodiesel if it was possible to identify it or if the respondent had submitted a comment to that affect with the survey return e.g. a return from a road haulier which contained a large quantity under diesel.

Rail Transport Fuels

There were no explicit questions on rail fuels in the 2009-2018 questionnaires however some enterprises submitted data under items such as diesel. The results are derived from a mixture of the survey data and other administrative data including company reports.

Aviation Transport Fuels

There were no explicit questions on aviation fuels in the 2009-2018 questionnaires however some enterprises submitted data under items such as kerosene. The CSO examined returns from airline companies and used additional data on flights by Irish airlines to estimate the quantity and cost of these fuels.

The estimates are based on the National Accounts residence principle. Hence fuel consumption relating to flights by Irish airlines between foreign countries are included. This methodological difference has resulted in a substantial difference with the Energy Balance estimates for these fuels.

We used the Revenue Return of Oil Movements data to construct estimates for some companies that were not in the survey returns e.g. aviation petrol users.

Marine Transport Fuels

There were no explicit questions on marine fuels in the 2009-2018 questionnaire and there were limited data available from other sources. There are no figures for marine fuels included in this release.

County

Tables 7A and 7B classify activity by the county that the headquarters of an enterprise is located in. All activity of an enterprise is located to the same county even if there are local units in other counties. A small number of enterprises used addresses abroad.

Energy Balances

The CSO compared the results with the SEAI energy balances. There are methodological differences between both series e.g. definition of the Transport sector and the residence versus territorial principle. There is good alignment for some fuels and differences for other fuels between both series. The resolution of these differences could result in future revisions to the CSO figures. In general, the energy balances use a top-down approach to distribute fuel use across NACE sectors whereas a bottom-up approach is used in the Business Energy Use survey with the CSO business register used to calculate weights for the survey and administrative data.

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