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Vital Statistics Annual Report 2018

Infant Mortality, Stillbirths and Maternal Mortality 2018

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Infant mortality

During the year 2018 there were 174 deaths of infants under one year, compared to 188 in 2017. The infant mortality rate was 2.9 per 1,000 live births in 2018, down 0.1 from 2017. See tables 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3.

Infant mortality rates in the EU-28

Romania had the highest rate at 6.0 infant deaths per 1,000 live births in 2018, while Estonia had the lowest rate at 1.6 per 1,000 live births. Of the EU28 countries, Ireland ranked 10th with a rate of 2.9. See fig. 4.1.

Country	Infant mortality rate
Estonia	1.6
Slovenia	1.7
Sweden	2
Finland	2.1
Cyprus	2.4
Czech Republic	2.6
Austria	2.7
Spain	2.7
Italy	2.8
Ireland	2.9
Germany	3.2
Latvia	3.2
Hungary	3.3
Portugal	3.3
Lithuania	3.4
Greece	3.5
Netherlands	3.5
Denmark	3.7
Belgium	3.8
France	3.8
Poland	3.8
United Kingdom	3.9
Croatia	4.2
Luxembourg	4.3
Slovakia	5
Malta	5.6
Bulgaria	5.8
Romania	6

Infant Mortality by detailed age

Over a third (37.9%) of all infant deaths occurred within the first day of birth and 57.5% occurred within the first week. See table 4.5.

There were 131 neonatal deaths (deaths of infants under 4 weeks) in 2018, a decrease of 9 on the 2017 figure. The neonatal mortality rate of 2.1 per 1,000 live births is a decrease of 0.2 from 2017. See tables 4.2, 4.3, 4.8 and fig. 4.2.

Infant Mortality by cause

Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period accounted for 50.6% of infant deaths in 2018. Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities accounted for a further 39.1% while sudden infant death syndrome accounted for 7.5% of such deaths. See table 4.8.

For infant deaths occurring in the first day of life, the causes of death were split between certain conditions originating in the perinatal period (60.6%), and congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities (37.9%). See table 4.8

Limerick City had the highest rate for infant mortality in 2018 (5 infant deaths) with a rate of 6.3 per 1,000 births. See table 4.3.

Stillbirths

The number of stillbirths registered in 2018 was 133, a decrease of 29 on the 2017 total of 162. The corresponding rate decrease was 0.4 down from 2.6 in 2017 to 2.2 in 2018. See tables 4.1, 4.2 and fig. 4.3.

Year	Infant	Neonatal	Post neonatal
1975	17.5	12	5.6
1976	15.7	10.5	5.2
1977	15.5	9.9	5.6
1978	14.9	9.8	5
1979	12.8	8.4	4.4
1980	11.1	6.7	4.4
1981	10.3	6.5	3.8
1982	10.5	6.6	3.9
1983	10.1	6.1	4
1984	9.6	6	3.7
1985	8.8	5.3	3.6
1986	8.9	5	3.9
1987	7.9	4.3	3.6
1988	8.6	5.2	3.4
1989	8.1	4.8	3.3
1990	8.2	4.8	3.4
1991	7.6	5	2.6
1992	6.5	4.3	2.2
1993	6.1	4	2.1
1994	5.7	4	1.7
1995	6.4	4.8	1.6
1996	6	4.1	1.9
1997	6.1	3.5	2.6
1998	5.9	3.4	1.6
1999	5.9	4	1.8
2000	6.2	4.3	1.9
2001	5.7	4	1.7
2002	5	3.6	1.5
2003	5.3	3.8	1.5
2004	4.6	3.4	1.3
2005	3.8	2.7	1.1
2006	3.9	2.7	1.2
2007	3.2	2.2	1
2008	3.8	2.7	1.1
2009	3.3	2.2	1
2010	3.6	2.6	1
2011	3.5	2.5	1
2012	3.3	2.6	0.7
2013	3.6	2.6	0.9
2014	3.3	2.3	1
2015	3.4	2.7	0.8
2016	3	2.3	0.7
2017	3	2.3	0.8
2018	2.9	2.1	0.7

Year	Perinatal	Stillbirth
2008	6.0	3.9
2009	5.7	3.9
2010	5.7	3.6
2011	4.7	2.8
2012	4.6	2.6
2013	5.0	2.7
2014	4.2	2.4
2015	5.1	3
2016	4.5	2.7
2017	4.3	2.6
2018	3.8	2.2

Year	Perinatal	Stillbirth
2007	6.2	4.4
2008	6.0	3.9
2009	5.7	3.9
2010	5.7	3.6
2011	4.8	2.8
2012	4.6	2.6
2013	5.0	2.7
2014	4.2	2.4
2015	5.1	3.0
2016	4.5	2.7
2017	4.3	2.6

For stillbirths, the highest rate per 1,000 live and stillbirths was in Wexford (5.5). There were no registered stillbirths for Laois, Longford or Limerick City in 2018. See table 4.3.

In 2018, stillbirths classified as being due to certain conditions originating in the perinatal period accounted for 86.5% of all registered stillbirths and 13.5% were due to congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities. See table 4.12a.

While statistics of infant mortality are obtained in the course of the usual procedure for registration of deaths, which has been in operation since 1863, particulars of late foetal mortality have been obtained through a scheme of notification to the Directors of Community Care. The scheme of notifying late foetal deaths was introduced in 1957, but comparisons between different areas of the country showed marked differences in the coverage of the scheme in the early years. Consequently, the number of late foetal deaths in the early years of the scheme is believed to be understated.

In 1995 stillbirths were registered in Ireland for the first time under the Stillbirths Registration Act, 1994. The definition of a stillbirth under the Act is broader than the definition used for late foetal deaths in previous Vital Statistics Reports. Care should be taken in comparing statistics on stillbirths and late foetal deaths in consideration of the changes between the notification and registration systems.

The National Perinatal Reporting System (NPRS) (http://www.hpo.ie/,HIPE and NPRS Reports, Perinatal Statistics Reports). Perinatal Statistics Reports also produces statistics on stillbirths, which can be compared to the numbers in these reports. The NPRS figures are derived from birth notification forms, whereas the figures contained in this report are derived from stillbirths registered. In recent years, the numbers of stillbirths according to NPRS reports have been higher than the numbers published in these reports. This suggests that there is considerable non-registration of stillbirths and that caution should be taken in interpreting the statistics on stillbirths in these reports.

Pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium

There were no maternal deaths in 2018, giving a rate of 0.0 maternal deaths per 100,000 live and stillbirths. See table 4.19.

Year	Maternal death rate
1945	263.2
1946	240
1947	214.6
1948	188.1
1949	201.1
1950	155.7
1951	163.8
1952	142.3
1953	132.7
1954	110.3
1955	113.6
1956	85.6
1957	132.3
1958	102.5
1959	64.8
1960	57.6
1961	45.1
1962	43.7
1963	34.8
1964	46.8
1965	28.3
1966	28.9
1967	22.8
1968	36.1
1969	31.8
1970	31.1
1971	25.2
1972	40.9
1973	11.6
1974	21.8
1975	7.4
1976	16.4
1977	11.6
1978	17.1
1979	9.6
1980	6.8
1981	4.2
1982	5.6
1983	11.9
1984	6.2
1985	6.4
1986	4.9
1987	3.4
1988	1.8
1989	3.8
1990	3.8
1991	5.7
1992	3.9
1993	2
1994	2.1
1995	0
1996	5.9
1997	5.7
1998	3.7
1999	1.9
2000	1.8
2001	5.2
2002	8.3
2003	0
2004	1.6
2005	1.6
2006	0
2007	2.8
2008	4
2009	4
2010	1.3
2011	2.7
2012	2.8
2013	4.4
2014	1.5
2015	1.5
2016	6.2
2017	1.6
2018	0

Year	Maternal death rate
1945	263.2
1946	240
1947	214.6
1948	188.1
1949	201.1
1950	155.7
1951	163.8
1952	142.3
1953	132.7
1954	110.3
1955	113.6
1956	85.6
1957	132.3
1958	102.5
1959	64.8
1960	57.6
1961	45.1
1962	43.7
1963	34.8
1964	46.8
1965	28.3
1966	28.9
1967	22.8
1968	36.1
1969	31.8
1970	31.1
1971	25.2
1972	40.9
1973	11.6
1974	21.8
1975	7.4
1976	16.4
1977	11.6
1978	17.1
1979	9.6
1980	6.8
1981	4.2
1982	5.6
1983	11.9
1984	6.2
1985	6.4
1986	4.9
1987	3.4
1988	1.8
1989	3.8
1990	3.8
1991	5.7
1992	3.9
1993	2
1994	2.1
1995	0
1996	5.9
1997	5.7
1998	3.7
1999	1.9
2000	1.8
2001	5.2
2002	8.3
2003	0
2004	1.6
2005	1.6
2006	0
2007	2.8
2008	4
2009	4
2010	1.3
2011	2.7
2012	2.8
2013	4.4
2014	1.5
2015	1.5
2016	6.2
2017	1.6

For definitions on the terms used in this chapter, see link to technical notes on Infant mortality, stillbirths and maternal mortality.

Infant Mortality, Stillbirths and Maternal Mortality 2018 Tables 4.1 - 4.19

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Table 4.1 Live births, stillbirths and infant mortality, 2006 to 2018

Table 4.2 Live birth, stillbirth and infant mortality rates, 2001 to 2018

Table 4.3 Stillbirths and infant mortality 2018 per 1,000 live births

Table 4.3 Stillbirths and infant mortality 2018 per 1,000 live births
	Infant mortality		Neonatal mortality		Stillbirths		Perinatal mortality
Area of residence	Number	Rate	Number	Rate	Number	Rate	Number	Rate
STATE	174	2.9	131	2.1	133	2.2	233	3.8

Leinster	101	2.9	78	2.3	70	2.0	129	3.7
Carlow	1	1.2	1	1.2	2	2.4	3	3.6
Dublin City	22	3.2	16	2.3	15	2.2	28	4.0
South Dublin	9	2.3	6	1.5	4	1.0	9	2.3
Fingal	13	2.9	8	1.8	5	1.1	9	2.0
Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown	4	1.5	4	1.5	5	1.9	9	3.4
Kildare	8	2.6	7	2.3	7	2.3	10	3.3
Kilkenny	2	1.8	2	1.8	4	3.6	6	5.3
Laois	1	0.9	1	0.9	0	0.0	1	0.9
Longford	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Louth	6	3.5	4	2.4	1	0.6	4	2.4
Meath	13	4.9	11	4.2	5	1.9	13	4.9
Offaly	4	4.2	4	4.2	3	3.2	5	5.3
Westmeath	3	2.5	3	2.5	3	2.5	5	4.1
Wexford	9	5.0	8	4.4	10	5.5	18	9.9
Wicklow	6	3.5	3	1.8	6	3.5	9	5.3

Munster	48	3.0	34	2.1	27	1.7	52	3.3
Clare	7	5.1	6	4.4	3	2.2	8	5.8
Cork City	2	1.5	0	0.0	3	2.2	3	2.2
Cork County	12	2.2	9	1.6	8	1.4	12	2.2
Kerry	6	3.7	5	3.1	3	1.8	6	3.7
Limerick City	5	6.3	5	6.3	0	0.0	5	6.3
Limerick County	6	3.4	3	1.7	2	1.1	5	2.9
Tipperary	9	4.3	5	2.4	5	2.4	9	4.3
Waterford City	1	1.6	1	1.6	1	1.6	2	3.1
Waterford County	0	0.0	0	0.0	2	2.5	2	2.5

Connacht	16	2.4	13	2.0	23	3.4	35	5.2
Galway City	0	0.0	0	0.0	1	1.1	1	1.1
Galway County	8	3.4	5	2.1	8	3.4	13	5.6
Leitrim	1	2.4	1	2.4	2	4.8	3	7.1
Mayo	3	2.1	3	2.1	5	3.4	7	4.8
Roscommon	3	4.2	3	4.2	3	4.2	6	8.4
Sligo	1	1.3	1	1.3	4	5.0	5	6.3

Ulster (Part of)	9	2.4	6	1.6	13	3.5	17	4.5
Cavan	3	2.9	3	2.9	1	1.0	3	2.9
Donegal	4	2.1	1	0.5	9	4.7	10	5.3
Monaghan	2	2.4	2	2.4	3	3.6	4	4.8

REGIONAL AUTHORITIES
Border	11	2.2	8	1.6	19	3.8	25	5.0
Midland	8	2.1	8	2.1	6	1.6	11	2.9
West	14	2.6	11	2.0	17	3.1	27	4.9
Dublin	48	2.7	34	1.9	29	1.6	55	3.0
Mid-East	33	3.6	25	2.7	19	2.1	36	3.9
Mid-West	27	4.5	19	3.2	10	1.7	27	4.5
South-East	13	2.5	12	2.3	19	3.6	31	6.0
South-West	20	2.4	14	1.6	14	1.6	21	2.5
* For definition see technical notes.
The stillbirth and infant mortality rates in some areas based on small numbers are subject to considerable fluctuation and caution should be exercised in their interpretation.

Open in Excel: Annual Report on Vital Statistics 2018 Table 4.3 (XLS 44KB)

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Table 4.4 Infant mortality rates per 1,000 live births by detailed age, 1941 to 2018

Table 4.5 Infant deaths during 2018 by detailed age

Table 4.6 Infant mortality rates in Ireland and neighbouring countries, 1941-2018

Table 4.7 Stillbirth and perinatal mortality rates in Ireland and neighbouring countries, 1998-2018

Table 4.8 Infant mortality - deaths under 1 year in 2018, classified by sex, age and cause

ICD-10 code

Total under 1 year

Under 30 mins

30 mins and under 1 day

Total under 1 day

Total under 7 days

Days

Total under 4 weeks

4 weeks and under 1 year

Cause of death

Sex

7-13

14-20

21-27

A00-Y89

All causes

G00-H95

Diseases of the nervous system and the sense organs

–

of which:

G00-G03

Meningitis

–

G04-H95

Remainder

–

P00-P96

Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period

of which:

P00-P04

Foetus or newborn affected by maternal factors and by complications of pregnancy, labour and delivery

–

P05-P08

Disorders related to length of gestation and foetal growth

–

P10-P15

Birth Trauma

–

P20-P29

Respiratory and cardiovascular disorders specific to the perinatal period

–

P35-P39

Infections specific to the perinatal period

–

P50-P61

Haemorrhagic & haematological disorders of foetus and newborn

–

P70-P74

Transitory endocrine and metabolic disorders specific to foetus and newborn

–

P75-P78

Digestive system disorders of foetus and newborn

–

P80-P83

Conditions involving the integument and temperature regulation of foetus and newborn

–

P90-P96

Other disorders originating in the perinatal period

–

Q00-Q99

Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities

–

of which:

Q00-Q07

Congenital malformations of the nervous system

–

Q10-Q18

Congenital malformations of eye, ear, face and neck

–

Q20-Q28

Congenital malformations of the circulatory system

–

Q30-Q34

Congenital malformations of the respiratory system

–

Q35-Q37

Cleft lip and cleft palate

–

Q38-Q45

Other congenital malformations of the digestive system

–

Q50-Q56

Congenital malformations of genital organs

–

Q60-Q64

Congenital malformations of the urinary system

–

Q65-Q79

Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system

–

Q80-Q89

Other congenital malformations

–

Q90-Q99

Chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified

–

R95

Sudden infant death syndrome

–

All other causes

–

Open in Excel: Annual Report on Vital Statistics 2018 Table 4.8 (XLS 56KB)

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Table 4.9 Infant mortality - deaths under 1 year in 2018, classified by age under 4 weeks, age 4 weeks to one year, sex and cause, assigned to each province

ICD-10 code

Total

Leinster

Munster

Connacht

Ulster (part of)

Cause of death

Age

A00-Y89

All causes

Under 4 weeks

4 weeks to 1 year

G00-H95

Diseases of the nervous system and the sense organs

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

of which:

G00-G03

Meningitis

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

G04-H95

Remainder

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

P00-P96

Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period

Under 4 weeks

4 weeks to 1 year

–

of which:

P00-P04

foetus or newborn affected by maternal factors and by complications of pregnancy, labour and delivery

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

P05-P08

Disorders related to length of gestation and foetal growth

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

P10-P15

Birth trauma

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

P20-P29

Respiratory and cardiovascular disorders specific to the perinatal period

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

P35-P39

Infections specific to the perinatal period

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

P50-P61

Haemorrhagic & haematological disorders of foetus and newborn

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

P70-P74

Transitory endocrine and metabolic disorders specific to foetus and newborn

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

P75-P78

Digestive system disorders of foetus and newborn

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

P80-P83

Conditions involving the integument and temperature regulation of foetus and newborn

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

P90-P96

Other disorders originating in the perinatal period

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

Q00-Q99

Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities

Under 4 weeks

4 weeks to 1 year

–

of which:

Q00-Q07

Congenital malformations of the nervous system

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

Q10-Q18

Congenital malformations of eye, ear, face and neck

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

Q20-Q28

Congenital malformations of the circulatory system

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

Q30-Q34

Congenital malformations of the respiratory system

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

Q35-Q37

Cleft lip and cleft palate

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

Q38-Q45

Other congenital malformations of the digestive system

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

Q50-Q56

Congenital malformations of genital organs

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

Q60-Q64

Congenital malformations of the urinary system

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

Q65-Q79

Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

Q80-Q89

Other congenital malformations

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

Q90-Q99

Chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

R95

Sudden infant death syndrome

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

All other causes

Under 4 weeks

–

4 weeks to 1 year

–

Open in Excel: Annual Report on Vital Statistics 2018 Table 4.9 (XLS 17KB)

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Table 4.10 Infant mortality - deaths under 1 year in 2018, classified by sex and cause, assigned to each regional authority

ICD-10 code

Border

Midland

West

Dublin

Mid-East

Mid-West

South-East

South-West

Cause of death

A00-Y89

All causes

G00-H95

Diseases of the nervous system and the sense organs

–

of which:

G00-G03

Meningitis

–

G04-H95

Remainder

–

P00-P96

Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period

of which:

P00-P04

Foetus or newborn affected by maternal factors and by complications of pregnancy, labour and delivery

–

P05-P08

Disorders related to length of gestation and foetal growth

–

P10-P15

Birth Trauma

–

P20-P29

Respiratory and cardiovascular disorders specific to the perinatal period

–

P35-P39

Infections specific to the perinatal period

–

P50-P61

Haemorrhagic & haematological disorders of foetus and newborn

–

P70-P74

Transitory endocrine and metabolic disorders specific to foetus and newborn

–

P75-P78

Digestive system disorders of foetus and newborn

–

P80-P83

Conditions involving the integument and temperature regulation of foetus and newborn

–

P90-P96

Other disorders originating in the perinatal period

–

Q00-Q99

Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities

of which:

Q00-Q07

Congenital malformations of the nervous system

–

Q10-Q18

Congenital malformations of eye, ear, face and neck

–

Q20-Q28

Congenital malformations of the circulatory system

–

Q30-Q34

Congenital malformations of the respiratory system

–

Q35-Q37

Cleft lip and cleft palate

–

Q38-Q45

Other congenital malformations of the digestive system

–

Q50-Q56

Congenital malformations of genital organs

–

Q60-Q64

Congenital malformations of the urinary system

–

Q65-Q79

Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system

–

Q80-Q89

Other congenital malformations

–

Q90-Q99

Chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified

–

R95

Sudden infant death syndrome

–

All other causes

–

Open in Excel: Annual Report on Vital Statistics 2018 Table 4.10 (XLS 44KB)

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Table 4.11 Infant mortality - deaths under 1 year in 2018, classified by age-group and cause, assigned to each regional authority

Table 4.11 Infant mortality - deaths under 1 year in 2018, classified by age-group and cause, assigned to each regional authority
ICD-10 code	Cause of death	Age	Border	Midland	West	Dublin	Mid-East	Mid-West	South-East	South-West
A00–Y89	All causes	Under 4 weeks	8	8	11	34	25	19	12	14
		4 weeks to 1 year	3	–	3	14	8	8	1	6

G00–H95	Diseases of the nervous system and the sense organs	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	1	–	–	–
	of which:
G00–G03	Meningitis	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
G04–H95	Remainder	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	1	–	–	–

P00–P96	Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period	Under 4 weeks	4	5	7	26	15	13	4	6
		4 weeks to 1 year	1	–	–	5	1	–	–	1
	of which:
P00–P04	foetus or newborn affected by maternal factors and by complications of pregnancy, labour and delivery	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	5	6	4	2	1
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	1
P05–P08	Disorders related to length of gestation and foetal growth	Under 4 weeks	1	3	2	10	5	3	1	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P10–P15	Birth trauma	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	1	–	–	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P20–P29	Respiratory and cardiovascular disorders specific to the perinatal period	Under 4 weeks	–	1	2	3	1	1	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	1	–	–	–	–
P35–P39	Infections specific to the perinatal period	Under 4 weeks	1	–	1	4	1	2	–	2
		4 weeks to 1 year	1	–	–	1	–	–	–	–
P50–P61	Haemorrhagic & haematological disorders of foetus and newborn	Under 4 weeks	1	–	2	1	–	1	1	1
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	1	–	–	–	–
P70–P74	Transitory endocrine and metabolic disorders specific to foetus and newborn	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P75–P78	Digestive system disorders of foetus and newborn	Under 4 weeks	1	–	–	2	1	–	–	2
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	2	1	–	–	–
P80–P83	Conditions involving the integument and temperature regulation of foetus and newborn	Under 4 weeks	–	1	–	–	–	–	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P90–P96	Other disorders originating in the perinatal period	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	–	1	2	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–

Q00–Q99	Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities	Under 4 weeks	4	3	3	8	8	6	8	7
		4 weeks to 1 year	2	–	1	6	5	5	–	2
	of which:
Q00–Q07	Congenital malformations of the nervous system	Under 4 weeks	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	1
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	1	–	–	–	–
Q10–Q18	Congenital malformations of eye, ear, face and neck	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q20–Q28	Congenital malformations of the circulatory system	Under 4 weeks	2	1	–	3	2	2	1	1
		4 weeks to 1 year	1	–	1	3	2	3	–	1
Q30–Q34	Congenital malformations of the respiratory system	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	1	–	–	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	1	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q35–Q37	Cleft lip and cleft palate	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q38–Q45	Other congenital malformations of the digestive system	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	1	–	–	–	1
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	–	1	–	–
Q50–Q56	Congenital malformations of genital organs	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q60–Q64	Congenital malformations of the urinary system	Under 4 weeks	1	–	1	–	2	1	1	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	1	–	–	–
Q65–Q79	Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system	Under 4 weeks	–	1	–	–	1	1	1	3
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	1	–	–	–
Q80–Q89	Other congenital malformations	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	–	–	1	1	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	–	–	1	–	–
Q90–Q99	Chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified	Under 4 weeks	–	–	1	2	1	–	3	1
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	–	2	1	–	–	1

R95	Sudden infant death syndrome	Under 4 weeks	–	–	–	–	1	–	–	1
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	1	3	1	3	–	3

	All other causes	Under 4 weeks	–	–	1	–	1	–	–	–
		4 weeks to 1 year	–	–	1	–	–	–	1	–

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Table 4.12a Stillbirths in 2018, classified by sex and cause, and with mention of affecting maternal factors

Table 4.12a Stillbirths in 2018, classified by sex and cause, and with mention of affecting maternal factors
		Stillbirths			With maternal factors
ICD-10 code		Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
A00-Y89	All causes	133	66	67	50	26	24

P00-P96	Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period	115	56	59	49	25	24
	of which:
P00-P04	Foetus and newborn affected by maternal factors and by complications of pregnancy, labour and delivery	1	–	1	–	–	–
P05-P08	Disorders related to length of gestation and foetal growth	79	38	41	34	17	17
P10-P15	Birth Trauma	–	–	–	–	–	–
P20-P29	Respiratory and cardiovascular disorders specific to the perinatal period	5	2	3	4	1	3
P35-P39	Infections specific to the perinatal period	–	–	–	–	–	–
P50-P61	Haemorrhagic and haematological disorders of foetus and newborn	3	–	3	–	–	–
P70-P74	Transitory endocrine and metabolic disorders specific to foetus and newborn	–	–	–	–	–	–
P75-P78	Digestive system disorders of foetus and newborn	–	–	–	–	–	–
P80-P83	Conditions involving the integument and temperature regulation of foetus and newborn	2	–	2	–	–	–
P90-P96	Other disorders in the perinatal period	25	16	9	11	7	4

Q00-Q99	Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities	18	10	8	1	1	–
	of which:
Q00-Q07	Other congenital malformations of the nervous system	4	2	2	–	–	–
Q10-Q18	Congenital malformations of eye, ear, face and neck	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q20-Q28	Congenital malformations of the circulatory system	1	1	–	–	–	–
Q30-Q34	Congenital malformations of the respiratory system	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q35-Q37	Cleft lip and cleft palate	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q38-Q45	Other congenital malformations of the digestive system	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q50-Q56	Congenital malformations of genital organs	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q60-Q64	Congenital malformations of the urinary system	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q65-Q79	Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system	1	1	–	–	–	–
Q80-Q89	Other congenital malformations	2	1	1	–	–	–
Q90-Q99	Chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified	10	5	5	1	1	–

Open in Excel: Annual Report on Vital Statistics 2018 Table 4.12A (XLS 38KB)

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Table 4.12b Stillbirths in 2018, classified by maternal factors

Table 4.13 Stillbirths in 2018, classified by age of mother, sex of child and period of gestation

Table 4.14 Stillbirths in 2018, classified by age of mother and number of previous live and stillborn children

Table 4.15 Stillbirths in 2018, classified by cause and period of gestation

Table 4.15 Stillbirths in 2018, classified by cause and period of gestation
		Period of gestation (weeks)
ICD-10 code	Cause of death	Total	Under 28	28-31	32-35	36-39	40 and over
A00-Y89	All causes	133	32	27	32	28	14

P00-P96	Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period	115	27	21	30	24	13
	of which:
P00-P04	Foetus and newborn affected by maternal factors and by complications of pregnancy, labour and delivery	1	–	–	–	–	1
P05-P08	Disorders related to length of gestation and foetal growth	79	25	19	24	10	1
P10-P15	Birth Trauma	–	–	–	–	–	–
P20-P29	Respiratory and cardiovascular disorders specific to the perinatal period	5	1	1	–	2	1
P35-P39	Infections specific to the perinatal period	–	–	–	–	–	–
P50-P61	Haemorrhagic and haematological disorders of foetus and newborn	3	–	1	1	1	–
P70-P74	Transitory endocrine and metabolic disorders specific to foetus and newborn	–	–	–	–	–	–
P75-P78	Digestive system disorders of foetus and newborn	–	–	–	–	–	–
P80-P83	Conditions involving the integument and temperature regulation of foetus and newborn	2	1	–	1	–	–
P90-P96	Other disorders in the perinatal period	25	–	–	4	11	10

Q00-Q99	Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities	18	5	6	2	4	1
	of which:
Q00-Q07	Other congenital malformations of the nervous system	4	–	1	–	2	1
Q10-Q18	Congenital malformations of eye, ear, face and neck	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q20-Q28	Congenital malformations of the circulatory system	1	–	1	–	–	–
Q30-Q34	Congenital malformations of the respiratory system	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q35-Q37	Cleft lip and cleft palate	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q38-Q45	Other congenital malformations of the digestive system	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q50-Q56	Congenital malformations of genital organs	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q60-Q64	Congenital malformations of the urinary system	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q65-Q79	Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system	1	1	–	–	–	–
Q80-Q89	Other congenital malformations	2	1	–	1	–	–
Q90-Q99	Chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified	10	3	4	1	2	–

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Table 4.16 Stillbirths in 2018, classified by cause and number of previous children

Table 4.16 Stillbirths in 2018, classified by cause and number of previous live and stillborn children
		Number of previous children
ICD-10 code
ICD-10 code	Cause of death	Total	0	1	2	3	4 or 5	6 or more
A00-Y89	All causes	133	63	36	17	12	5	–

P00-P96	Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period	115	58	30	14	8	5	–
	of which:
P00-P04	Foetus and newborn affected by maternal factors and by complications of pregnancy, labour and delivery	1	–	1	–	–	–	–
P05-P08	Disorders related to length of gestation and foetal growth	79	43	18	9	4	5	–
P10-P15	Birth Trauma	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P20-P29	Respiratory and cardiovascular disorders specific to the perinatal period	5	3	1	–	1	–	–
P35-P39	Infections specific to the perinatal period	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P50-P61	Haemorrhagic and haematological disorders of foetus and newborn	3	1	1	1	–	–	–
P70-P74	Transitory endocrine and metabolic disorders specific to foetus and newborn	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P75-P78	Digestive system disorders of foetus and newborn	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P80-P83	Conditions involving the integument and temperature regulation of foetus and newborn	2	–	1	1	–	–	–
P90-P96	Other disorders in the perinatal period	25	11	8	3	3	–	–

Q00-Q99	Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities	18	5	6	3	4	–	–
	of which:
Q00-Q07	Other congenital malformations of the nervous system	4	1	1	1	1	–	–
Q10-Q18	Congenital malformations of eye, ear, face and neck	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q20-Q28	Congenital malformations of the circulatory system	1	1	–	–	–	–	–
Q30-Q34	Congenital malformations of the respiratory system	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q35-Q37	Cleft lip and cleft palate	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q38-Q45	Other congenital malformations of the digestive system	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q50-Q56	Congenital malformations of genital organs	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q60-Q64	Congenital malformations of the urinary system	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q65-Q79	Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system	1	–	1	–	–	–	–
Q80-Q89	Other congenital malformations	2	1	–	–	1	–	–
Q90-Q99	Chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified	10	2	4	2	2	–	–

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Table 4.17 Stillbirths in 2018, classified by cause and age of mother at maternity

Table 4.17 Stillbirths in 2018, classified by cause and age of mother at maternity
		Age of mother at maternity
ICD-10 code								40 and over
ICD-10 code	Cause of death	Total	Under 20	20-24	25-29	30-34	35-39	40 and over
A00-Y89	All causes	133	2	5	18	42	47	19

P00-P96	Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period	115	2	5	17	37	37	17
	of which:
P00-P04	Foetus and newborn affected by maternal factors and by complications of pregnancy, labour and delivery	1	–	–	–	1	–	–
P05-P08	Disorders related to length of gestation and foetal growth	79	2	2	11	24	27	13
P10-P15	Birth Trauma	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P20-P29	Respiratory and cardiovascular disorders specific to the perinatal period	5	–	–	3	2	–	–
P35-P39	Infections specific to the perinatal period	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P50-P61	Haemorrhagic and haematological disorders of foetus and newborn	3	–	1	–	2	–	–
P70-P74	Transitory endocrine and metabolic disorders specific to foetus and newborn	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P75-P78	Digestive system disorders of foetus and newborn	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P80-P83	Conditions involving the integument and temperature regulation of foetus and newborn	2	–	–	–	–	2	–
P90-P96	Other disorders in the perinatal period	25	–	2	3	8	8	4

Q00-Q99	Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities	18	–	–	1	5	10	2
	of which:
Q00-Q07	Other congenital malformations of the nervous system	4	–	–	–	3	1	–
Q10-Q18	Congenital malformations of eye, ear, face and neck	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q20-Q28	Congenital malformations of the circulatory system	1	–	–	–	–	1	–
Q30-Q34	Congenital malformations of the respiratory system	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q35-Q37	Cleft lip and cleft palate	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q38-Q45	Other congenital malformations of the digestive system	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q50-Q56	Congenital malformations of genital organs	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q60-Q64	Congenital malformations of the urinary system	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q65-Q79	Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system	1	–	–	–	1	–	–
Q80-Q89	Other congenital malformations	2	–	–	1	–	1	–
Q90-Q99	Chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified	10	–	–	–	1	7	2

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Table 4.18 Stillbirths in 2018, classified by cause and birthweight

Table 4.18 Stillbirths in 2018, classified by cause and birthweight
		Birthweight (grams)
ICD-10 code	Cause of death	Total	Under 1000	1000-1499	1500-1999	2000-2499	2500-2999	3000-3499	3500-3999	4000 & over
A00-Y89	All causes	133	49	17	20	13	13	13	5	3

P00-P96	Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period	115	42	16	14	13	10	12	5	3
	of which:
P00-P04	Foetus and newborn affected by maternal factors and by complications of pregnancy, labour and delivery	1	–	–	–	–	–	1	–	–
P05-P08	Disorders related to length of gestation and foetal growth	79	40	14	14	11	–	–	–	–
P10-P15	Birth Trauma	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P20-P29	Respiratory and cardiovascular disorders specific to the perinatal period	5	–	1	–	1	1	2	–	–
P35-P39	Infections specific to the perinatal period	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P50-P61	Haemorrhagic and haematological disorders of foetus and newborn	3	–	1	–	1	–	–	1	–
P70-P74	Transitory endocrine and metabolic disorders specific to foetus and newborn	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P75-P78	Digestive system disorders of foetus and newborn	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P80-P83	Conditions involving the integument and temperature regulation of foetus and newborn	2	2	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
P90-P96	Other disorders in the perinatal period	25	–	–	–	–	9	9	4	3


Q00-Q99	Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities	18	7	1	6	–	3	1	–	–
	of which:
Q00-Q07	Other congenital malformations of the nervous system	4	1	–	1	–	1	1	–	–
Q10-Q18	Congenital malformations of eye, ear, face and neck	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q20-Q28	Congenital malformations of the circulatory system	1	–	–	1	–	–	–	–	–
Q30-Q34	Congenital malformations of the respiratory system	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q35-Q37	Cleft lip and cleft palate	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q38-Q45	Other congenital malformations of the digestive system	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q50-Q56	Congenital malformations of genital organs	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q60-Q64	Congenital malformations of the urinary system	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q65-Q79	Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system	1	1	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Q80-Q89	Other congenital malformations	2	1	–	1	–	–	–	–	–
Q90-Q99	Chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified	10	4	1	3	–	2	–	–	–

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Table 4.19 Maternal deaths per 100,000 total live and stillbirths, 1997 - 2018

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Vital Statistics Annual Report 2018

Infant Mortality, Stillbirths and Maternal Mortality 2018

Infant Mortality, Stillbirths and Maternal Mortality 2018

Infant Mortality, Stillbirths and Maternal Mortality 2018 Tables 4.1 - 4.19

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Table 4.1 Live births, stillbirths and infant mortality, 2006 to 2018
				Perinatal	Neonatal deaths				Infant
Year	Live births	Population¹	Stillbirths	deaths	Early	Late	Total	Post	deaths
Persons
2006	65,425	4,240	252	392	140	39	179	76	255
2007	71,389	4,376	317	443	126	30	156	74	230
2008	75,173	4,485	294	456	162	38	200	84	284
2009	75,554	4,533	294	433	139	29	168	79	247
2010	75,174	4,555	273	429	156	39	195	76	271
2011	74,033	4,575	211	358	147	41	188	74	262
2012	71,674	4,585	188	333	145	40	185	52	237
2013	68,954	4,593	190	344	154	27	181	64	245
2014	67,295	4,610	164	284	120	38	158	66	224
2015	65,536	4,688	194	336	142	32	174	51	225
2016	63,841	4,740	173	289	116	31	147	47	194
2017	61,824	4,792	162	264	102	38	140	48	188
2018	61,022	4,857	133	233	100	31	131	43	174
Males
2006	33,655	2,121	129	215	86	18	104	51	155
2007	36,487	2,191	169	238	69	13	82	43	125
2008	38,619	2,239	162	250	88	22	110	52	162
2009	38,682	2,257	131	214	83	16	99	45	144
2010	38,395	2,262	140	227	87	21	108	46	154
2011	37,898	2,271	104	185	81	30	111	39	150
2012	36,890	2,270	93	165	72	18	90	25	115
2013	35,340	2,274	107	197	90	12	102	38	140
2014	34,681	2,280	84	153	69	21	90	40	130
2015	33,480	2,318	92	166	74	24	98	27	125
2016	32,709	2,347	87	154	67	15	82	27	109
2017	31,779	2,372	90	142	52	20	72	18	90
2018	31,306	2,406	66	125	59	21	80	19	99
Females
2006	31,770	2,119	123	177	54	21	75	25	100
2007	34,902	2,185	148	205	57	17	74	31	105
2008	36,554	2,247	132	206	74	16	90	32	122
2009	36,872	2,276	163	219	56	13	69	34	103
2010	36,779	2,293	133	202	69	18	87	30	117
2011	36,135	2,304	107	173	66	11	77	35	112
2012	34,784	2,316	95	168	73	22	95	27	122
2013	33,614	2,319	83	147	64	15	79	26	105
2014	32,614	2,330	80	131	51	17	68	26	94
2015	32,056	2,370	102	170	68	8	76	24	100
2016	31,132	2,393	86	135	49	16	65	20	85
2017	30,045	2,420	72	122	50	18	68	30	98
2018	29,716	2451	67	108	41	10	51	24	75
¹ The population estimates (000's) for year ending April 2007 and later periods are based on the usual residences concept.

Table 4.4 Infant mortality rates per 1,000 live births by detailed age, 1941 to 2018
	Under				21 days	4 weeks	2 months	3 months	6 months	Total
	24	1-6	7-13	14-20	and under	and under	and under	and under	and under	4 weeks to
Period	hours	days	days	days	4 weeks	2 months	3 months	6 months	12 months	1 year
1941-50¹	7.0	8.7	4.3	4.2	4.3	8.7	6.9	12.3	9.4	37.3
1951-60¹	7.8	8.7	2.7	1.9	1.5	3.6	2.4	4.5	3.6	14.1
1961-70¹	7.1	6.2	1.4	1.1	0.8	2.1	1.5	2.7	2.0	8.2
1971-80¹	5.1	3.8	0.9	0.4	0.4	1.2	1.0	1.8	1.4	5.3
1981-90¹	2.8	1.8	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.7	0.7	1.3	0.9	3.7
1991-00¹	2.1	1.3	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.3	0.7	0.5	2.0
2001-10¹	1.5	0.9	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.2	0.4	0.3	1.2
2001	1.9	1.2	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.2	0.6	0.3	1.7
2002	2.1	1.0	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.6	0.3	1.5
2003	1.8	1.2	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	1.5
2004	1.5	1.2	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.5	0.3	1.3
2005	1.3	0.8	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	1.1
2006	1.3	0.8	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	1.2
2007	1.0	0.8	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.3	1.0
2008	1.3	0.8	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.3	1.1
2009	1.3	0.6	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	1.0
2010	1.4	0.6	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.3	1.0
2011	1.2	0.8	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.2	1.0
2012	1.1	0.9	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.7
2013	1.4	0.8	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.9
2014	1.1	0.7	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	1.0
2015	1.3	0.9	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.8
2016	1.1	0.7	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.7
2017	1.0	0.7	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.8
2018	1.1	0.6	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.7
¹ Decennial average.

Table 4.6 Infant mortality rates in Ireland* and neighbouring countries², 1941-2018
	Deaths of infants under 1 year per 1,000 live births
Period	Ireland*	Northern Ireland	England and Wales	England	Wales	Scotland
1941-1950¹	66	60	43	–	–	57
1951-1960¹	37	32	25	–	–	30
1961-1970¹	25	25	19	–	–	23
1971-1980¹	16	19	15	–	–	16
1981-1990¹	9	10	9	–	–	9
1991-2000¹	6	6	6	–	–	6
2001-2010¹	4	5	5	–	–	5
1999	6	6	6	–	–	5
2000	6	5	6	–	–	6
2001	6	6	5	–	–	6
2002	5	5	5	–	–	5
2003	5	5	5	–	–	5
2004	5	5	5	–	–	5
2005	4	6	5	–	–	5
2006	4	5	5	–	–	5
2007	3	5	5	–	–	5
2008	4	5	5	–	–	4
2009	3	5	5	–	–	4
2010	4	6	4	–	–	4
2011	4	4	4	–	–	4
2012	3	4	4	–	–	4
2013	4	5	4	–	–	3
2014	3	5	4	–	–	4
2015	3	5	4	–	–	3
2016	3	5	4	–	–	3
2017	3	4	4	–	–	3
2018	3	4	–	4	3	3
¹ Decennial average.
² In 2018 The Office of National Statistics (ONS) reported the rates for England and Wales separately
* Exclusive of Northern Ireland.

Table 4.7 Stillbirth and perinatal mortality rates in Ireland¹and neighbouring countries², 1998-2018
	Stillbirth rate						Perinatal mortality rate
Year	Ireland	Northern Ireland	England and Wales	England	Wales	Scotland	Ireland	Northern Ireland	England and Wales	England	Wales	Scotland
1998	6.0	5.1	5.3	–	–	6.1	9.5	8.1	8.2	–	–	8.7
1999	5.7	5.7	5.3	–	–	5.2	8.9	10.0	8.2	–	–	7.6
2000	5.9	4.3	5.3	–	–	5.6	9.0	7.4	8.2	–	–	8.4
2001	6.1	5.1	5.3	–	–	5.7	9.2	8.4	8.0	–	–	8.5
2002	6.0	5.7	5.6	–	–	5.4	9.0	8.7	8.3	–	–	7.6
2003	5.6	5.0	5.8	–	–	5.6	8.5	8.0	8.6	–	–	8.0
2004	5.2	5.0	5.7	–	–	5.8	7.8	8.0	8.4	–	–	8.1
2005	4.1	4.0	5.4	–	–	5.3	6.2	8.1	8.0	–	–	7.7
2006	3.8	3.8	5.4	–	–	5.3	6.0	6.9	8.0	–	–	7.4
2007	4.4	4.2	5.2	–	–	5.6	6.2	6.9	7.7	–	–	7.8
2008	3.9	4.5	5.1	–	–	5.4	6.0	7.4	7.6	–	–	7.4
2009	3.9	4.8	5.2	–	–	5.3	5.7	7.8	7.6	–	–	7.4
2010	3.6	4.1	5.1	–	–	4.9	5.7	7.8	7.4	–	–	6.9
2011	2.8	3.6	5.2	–	–	5.1	4.8	6.4	7.5	–	–	6.9
2012	2.6	4.2	4.9	–	–	4.7	4.6	6.4	7.0	–	–	6.5
2013	2.7	4.5	4.7	–	–	4.2	5.0	7.5	6.7	–	–	5.8
2014	2.4	3.3	4.7	–	–	4.0	4.2	6.5	6.6	–	–	5.9
2015	3.0	3.1	4.5	–	–	3.8	5.1	6.5	6.5	–	–	5.3
2016	2.7	3.4	4.4	–	–	4.3	4.5	6.2	6.6	–	–	6.0
2017	2.6	4.4	4.2	–	–	4.2	4.3	6.8	6.4	–	–	5.7
2018	2.2	3.4	–	4.0	4.4	3.7	3.8	6.1	–	6.2	6.4	5.1
¹ Exclusive of Northern Ireland.
² In 2018 The Office of National Statistics (ONS) reported the rates for England and Wales separately

Table 4.13 Stillbirths in 2018, classified by age of mother, sex of child and period of gestation
		Period of gestation (weeks)
Age of mother	Sex of child	Total	Under 28	28-31	32-35	36-39	40 and over
Total	Males	66	15	14	16	14	7
Total	Females	67	17	13	16	14	7
Under 20	Males	2	–	2	–	–	–
Under 20	Females	–	–	–	–	–	–
20-24	Males	2	–	–	2	–	–
20-24	Females	3	1	–	1	1	–
25-29	Males	8	4	–	2	1	1
25-29	Females	10	4	1	3	2	–
30-34	Males	22	4	3	7	6	2
30-34	Females	20	3	6	3	4	4
35-39	Males	22	2	8	3	6	3
35-39	Females	25	8	4	7	3	3
40 and over	Males	10	5	1	2	1	1
40 and over	Females	9	1	2	2	4	–

Table 4.19 Maternal deaths per 100,000 total live and stillbirths, 1997 - 2018
Year	Number of maternal deaths	Maternal death rate
1997	3	5.7
1998	2	3.7
1999	1	1.9
2000	1	1.8
2001	3	5.2
2002	5	8.3
2003	–	–
2004	1	1.6
2005	1	1.6
2006	–	–
2007	2	2.8
2008	3	4.0
2009	3	4.0
2010	1	1.3
2011	2	2.7
2012	2	2.8
2013	3	4.4
2014	1	1.5
2015	1	1.5
2016	4	6.2
2017	1	1.6
2018	–	–
* Revisions to rates for years: 1997,1999, 2002 and 2013