The Supply and Use Tables are deflated using the double deflation method. This method applies deflators to each product in the tables and produces Gross Value Added (GVA) in previous year prices (PYP) by subtracting the PYP intermediate consumption data from the PYP domestic supply data. This differs from the CSO's National Income and Expenditure publication (NIE), which uses the output volume method to deflate GVA by industry. The Supply and Use Tables are aligned to the current and PYP expenditure components in the NIE. This results in the same aggregate inflation rates for the aggregate expenditure components and aggregate GVA.
Note that GVA can be subject to extreme price movements using the double deflation method when current price GVA is a relatively small share of current price Output. This can even occur when the price changes in Output and Intermediate Consumption are small. Further information about this methodology can be found in the Background Notes.
Figure 3.1 displays inflation by product in the 2018 Supply Tables. Total Supply had an overall inflation rate of one percent. Products of Construction (CPA 41-43) had the highest level of inflation of five percent. In contrast, products of Manufacturing (CPA 5-39) declined in value by one percent. Imports and domestic supply had overall inflation rates of one percent. Since Trade Margins are zero in total, overall inflation of Trade Margins was also zero. Inflation of product taxes minus subsidies was almost zero. Different inflation patterns occurred for different components of the Supply Table, even within the same product grouping. Note that the large and negative implied deflator for product taxes and subsidies in two product groupings is related to the interaction of price changes across product subgroups and across the tax and subsidy components.
| X-axis label | Total Supply | Domestic Supply | Imports | Margins | Product taxes minus subsidies |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (CPA 1-97) | 0.874564191833249 | 0.596144407630228 | 1.49726314504934 | 0 | 0.499480056351809 |
| Agriculture, forestry & fishing (1-3) | 0.330179564592026 | -0.88314232870208 | 3.40467469086458 | 4.29483826289518 | -30.3087105360854 |
| Manufacturing (5-39) | -1.39984984938473 | -3.36597100859333 | 3.29264728129615 | -0.758562834531396 | -0.474249271695992 |
| Construction (41-43) | 5.35301095534064 | 5.64760298650449 | 5.09792543330272 | 0 | 2.30639065199165 |
| Distribution, transport & communication (45-61) | 3.98399545490424 | 2.02294462556631 | 4.82182390387564 | -0.52897093109634 | -1.41620311435664 |
| Business services (62-82) | 1.60785085778294 | 3.23968547538767 | -0.232638971786248 | 9.75753650634936 | -0.383332124575231 |
| Other services (84-97) | 3.17557609146315 | 2.87125393471037 | 0.563873790853719 | 8.46863566547855 | -25.3726530178497 |
Figure 3.2 displays inflation by product in the 2018 Use Table. Aggregate Inflation for Total Uses exactly matched that for Total Supply at one percent. Aggregate inflation for Intermediate Consumption was close to zero percent. Final Consumption and Capital Formation had inflation of five percent. Aggregate inflation for Exports was minus one percent.
| X-axis label | Total Uses | Intermediate Consumption | Final Consumption & Capital Formation | Exports |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (CPA 1-97) | 0.874564191833227 | 0.478060469734798 | 5.02340523635609 | -1.08248598616334 |
| Agriculture, forestry & fishing (1-3) | 0.33017956459207 | -0.467950346465007 | 4.2719362523997 | -0.719523550188217 |
| Manufacturing (5-39) | -1.39984984938468 | 0.160053629450019 | 4.419740308622 | -4.10478092150834 |
| Construction (41-43) | 5.35301095534086 | 4.97121130308376 | 5.55647647102817 | 4.58414930686277 |
| Distribution, transport & communication (45-61) | 3.98399545490422 | 3.620537560836 | 7.55804047298907 | 3.32231735866935 |
| Business services (62-82) | 1.6078508577829 | -0.232941202481296 | 5.85609709251118 | 1.71583616317859 |
| Other services (84-97) | 3.17557609146293 | -1.01428207773183 | 3.7156162753192 | 5.61945737745786 |
Figure 3.3 shows that overall inflation of Output was half a percent, inflation of Intermediate Consumption was close to half a percent and GVA inflation was one percent. However, there was considerable variation across industries. Output inflation for Construction (NACE 41-43) was six percent, while inflation of Intermediate Consumption was three percent. This led to a greater absolute increase for Output than Intermediate Consumption. Since GVA forms a relatively small share of output for this industry, this resulted in GVA inflation of 15 percent. In contrast, Agriculture, forestry and fishing (NACE 1-3) had Output inflation of less than minus one percent, while inflation of Intermediate Consumption was minus two percent. This resulted in GVA inflation of four percent.
| X-axis label | Output | Intermediate Consumption | Gross Value Added |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total (NACE 1-97) | 0.596144407630228 | 0.478060469734798 | 0.726897231349377 |
| Agriculture, forestry & fishing (1-3) | -0.63245786467423 | -2.19762950066662 | 3.73708814172169 |
| Manufacturing (5-39) | -3.1266272106967 | -0.169593059477646 | -6.0891344306254 |
| Construction (41-43) | 5.59085868318376 | 2.49746553320369 | 14.9226693616661 |
| Distribution, transport & communication (45-61) | 1.68169243197678 | 1.50920198297719 | 1.86978967570195 |
| Business services (62-82) | 3.32672510213434 | 0.266842109619447 | 7.27426145442354 |
| Other services (84-97) | 2.79102054286413 | 1.17677534453633 | 3.70199802216147 |
Table 3.1 below contains an aggregated version of the 2018 Supply Table in PYP.
| Table 3.1 Summary of 2018 Supply Table at previous year prices €m | |||||||||||
| Industries | €m | ||||||||||
| Agriculture, forestry & fishing | Manufacturing | Construction | Distribution, transport & communication | Business services | Other services | Total Domestic | Imports c.i.f. (cost, insurance & freight inclusive) | Margins | Product taxes less subsidies | Total Supply (purchasers' prices) | |
| Products | (1-3) | (5-39) | (41-43) | (45-61) | (62-82) | (84-97) | |||||
| Agriculture, forestry & fishing | 9,886 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 625 | 10,512 | 1,213 | 2,064 | -28 | 13,761 |
| Manufacturing | 23 | 232,641 | 0 | 1,617 | 44 | 110 | 234,435 | 89,660 | 43,999 | 12,946 | 381,040 |
| Construction | 286 | 0 | 27,867 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 28,166 | 360 | 0 | 2,693 | 31,220 |
| Distribution, transport & communication | 17 | 2,984 | 0 | 112,421 | 29 | 0 | 115,450 | 38,114 | -46,079 | 2,496 | 109,982 |
| Business services | 0 | 3,024 | 203 | 3,359 | 187,132 | 812 | 194,531 | 168,344 | 0 | 3,820 | 366,695 |
| Other services | 10 | 0 | 0 | 33 | 0 | 54,088 | 54,131 | 82 | 16 | -582 | 53,648 |
| Output at basic prices | 10,221 | 238,650 | 28,070 | 117,430 | 187,205 | 55,648 | 637,225 | 297,773 | 0 | 21,347 | 956,345 |
Disaggregate data for PYP supply in 2018 and previous years can be found below.
Supply Table at previous year prices for 2018: Supply and Use Tables 2018 Table 3.2 (XLS 35KB)
Get the data: PxStat NIA17, Eurostat database
Table 3.3 below contains an aggregated version of the 2018 Use table in PYP.
| Table 3.3 Summary of 2018 Use Table at previous year prices €m | |||||||||||
| Industries | €m | ||||||||||
| Agriculture, forestry & fishing | Manufacturing | Construction | Distribution, transport & communication | Business services | Other services | Total inter-industry | Final Consumption | Capital Formation | Exports f.o.b. (free on board) | Total Uses | |
| Products | (1-3) | (5-39) | (41-43) | (45-61) | (62-82) | (84-97) | |||||
| Agriculture, forestry & fishing | 2,577 | 7,128 | 125 | 260 | 16 | 206 | 10,311 | 2,301 | 73 | 1,076 | 13,761 |
| Manufacturing | 3,908 | 55,809 | 7,489 | 21,271 | 5,031 | 10,116 | 103,624 | 42,388 | 26,677 | 208,351 | 381,040 |
| Construction | 171 | 1,284 | 8,801 | 2 | 33 | 451 | 10,742 | 150 | 20,261 | 67 | 31,220 |
| Distribution, transport & communication | 108 | 10,562 | 1,508 | 13,406 | 9,878 | 3,173 | 38,635 | 14,461 | 0 | 56,886 | 109,982 |
| Business services | 665 | 43,653 | 2,995 | 25,501 | 88,387 | 3,900 | 165,100 | 24,947 | 43,200 | 133,448 | 366,695 |
| Other services | 98 | 1,000 | 164 | 817 | 2,113 | 2,229 | 6,421 | 46,286 | 206 | 735 | 53,648 |
| Total Intermediate Consumption | 7,526 | 119,435 | 21,082 | 61,256 | 105,459 | 20,075 | 334,834 | 130,533 | 90,417 | 400,562 | 956,345 |
| Gross Value Added (GVA) at basic prices | 2,696 | 119,215 | 6,988 | 56,174 | 81,745 | 35,573 | 302,391 | ||||
| Output at basic prices | 10,221 | 238,650 | 28,070 | 117,430 | 187,205 | 55,648 | 637,225 | ||||
Disaggregate data for PYP Uses in 2018 and previous years can be found below.
Use Table at previous year prices for 2018: Supply and Use Tables 2018 Table 3.4 (XLS 63KB)
Get the data: PxStat NIA18, Eurostat database
Go to next chapter:Background notes
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