Consumer Price Index September 2025

Headline Table and Graph

Figure 1 shows the development of the CPI and HICP over recent months. It also shows the recent convergence of the CPI and HICP. The primary difference between CPI and HICP is the inclusion of Mortgage Interest in the CPI, whereas it’s not included in the HICP and the recent convergence of the rates is due to falling mortgage interest rates.

Annual and Monthly Price Changes

Prices on average, as measured by the CPI, were 2.7% higher in September 2025 compared with September 2024.

The most notable changes in the year were increases in Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages (+4.7%), Miscellaneous Goods & Services (+3.7%), Clothing & Footwear (+3.7%) and Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco (+3.5%). The only division to show a decrease was Furnishings, Household Equipment & Routine Household Maintenance (-0.6%).

Consumer Prices in September, as measured by the CPI, decreased by 0.2% in the month. During September of last year, prices fell by 0.9% in the month. The most significant monthly price reductions were in Transport (-1.8%) and Recreation & Culture (-1.6%). The largest increases were recorded in Clothing & Footwear (+2.4%) and Miscellaneous Goods & Services (+0.5%).

Contributions to the Overall CPI

Annual Change

Table 3 shows the contribution of each 2-digit COICOP¹ division to the overall change in the CPI. A detailed breakdown of the individual components of each of the 12 COICOP divisions is presented in Tables 4 to 15.

The divisions which caused the largest upward percentage point (pp) contributions to the CPI in the year were Restaurants & Hotels (+0.61 pp), Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages (+0.49 pp), Miscellaneous Goods & Services (+0.38 pp) and Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels (+0.37 pp).

The only division to cause a downward contribution to the CPI in the year was Furnishings, Household Equipment & Routine Household Maintenance (-0.03 pp).

The main factors contributing to the annual change were as follows:

• Restaurants & Hotels increased primarily due to higher prices for alcoholic drinks and food consumed in licensed premises, restaurants, cafes etc. This increase was partially offset by a reduction in the cost of hotel accommodation.
• Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages rose due to higher prices across a range of products such as meat, chocolate & confectionery, milk, cheese & eggs, breads & cereals and mineral waters, soft drinks, fruit & vegetables juices.
• Miscellaneous Goods & Services rose mainly due to higher health and motor insurance premiums, higher prices for other appliances, articles & products for personal care and a rise in the cost of childcare services. This increase was partially offset by lower prices for jewellery, clocks & watches.
• Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels rose mainly due to higher rents, and an increase in the cost of electricity and gas.
• Furnishings, Household Equipment & Routine Household Maintenance decreased primarily due to lower prices for furniture & furnishings and household textiles.

¹_{Classification of Individual Consumption by Purpose Adapted to the Needs of Harmonised Indices of Consumer Prices (2000).}

Monthly Change

The divisions which caused the largest downward percentage point contributions to the CPI in the month were Transport (-0.19 pp) and Recreation & Culture (-0.13 pp). The divisions which caused the largest upward percentage point contributions to the CPI in the month were Clothing & Footwear (+0.10 pp) and Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels (+0.04 pp).

The main factors contributing to the monthly change were as follows:

• Transport fell mainly due to lower airfares and a reduction in the cost of services in respect of personal transport equipment.
• Recreation & Culture decreased primarily due to lower prices for package holidays. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in the cost of recording media.
• Clothing & Footwear increased due to a recovery from sales.
• Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels increased due to higher rents and mortgage interest repayments.

CPI sub-indices

Tables 4 to 15 detail all COICOP¹ sub-indices of the CPI.

Table 2 and table 17 detail selected consumer price index sub-indices. The sub index for Services rose by 3.0% in the year to September, while Goods increased by 2.1%. Services, excluding mortgage interest repayments, increased by 3.2% in the year since September 2024.

The CPI excluding tobacco decreased by 0.2% in the month of September and rose by 2.6% in the year. The CPI excluding mortgage interest fell by 0.2% in the month and increased by 2.8% in the year.

¹_{Classification of Individual Consumption by Purpose Adapted to the Needs of Harmonised Indices of Consumer Prices (2000).}

Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices

Prices on average, as measured by the EU Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), increased by 2.7% compared with September 2024.

Table 19 details the COICOP sub-indices for the HICP. The most notable changes in the year were increases in Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages (+4.8%), Clothing & Footwear (+3.7%), Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco (+3.5%) and Restaurants & Hotels (+3.0%). The only decrease was recorded in Furnishings, Household Equipment & Routine Household Maintenance (-0.7%).

The HICP decreased by 0.2% in the month. This compares to a decrease of 1.0% recorded in September of last year.

The most significant monthly price falls were in Transport (-1.6%) and Recreation & Culture (-1.5%). There were increases in Clothing & Footwear (+2.4%) and Miscellaneous Goods & Services (+0.7%).

National Average Price

National Average Prices for selected goods and services for September 2025 are detailed in Table 20.

Looking at the National Average Prices of some staple items:

• The national average price for bread (large (800g) white sliced pan) increased by 5 cents in the year to September 2025, while the same size brown sliced pan increased by 3 cents in the year.
• Spaghetti per 500g rose by 2 cents in the year, while the average price for 2.5kg of potatoes was down 42 cents.
• The national average price of full fat milk per 2 litres was up 27 cents in the year, while butter per lb rose by 68 cents and the average price of Irish cheddar per kg increased by 69 cents.
• The national average price of a take-home 50cl can of lager at €2.43 was up 1 cent from September 2024, while a take-home 50cl can of cider at €2.73 was up 6 cents.
• In September 2025, the national average price of a pint of stout in licensed premises was €6.07, up 25 cents in the year, while a pint of lager was €6.50, up 26 cents compared with September 2024.