Provisional data for 2024 shows a general government surplus of €23.4 billion which was 4.2% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
In 2024, revenue increased by €24.9 billion (20.1%). This included a one-off capital transfer arising from a Court of Justice of the European Union ruling. Expenditure rose by €9.2 billion (7.9%), resulting in an improvement of €15.7 billion on the 2023 surplus (See Table 1.3).
The general government debt ratio decreased to 38.3% of GDP at year end 2024.
Gross debt fell by €3.7 billion during 2024 with an end-year position of €215.4 billion, compared with the 2023 figure of €219.1 billion (41.8% of GDP).
| Table 1.1 CALF Revision to General Government Debt 2017-2024 | € billion | |||||||
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
| Change in end-year position | -0.1 | -0.3 | -0.4 | -0.7 | -0.9 | -1.2 | -1.6 | -2.3 |
| X-axis label | GG gross debt (LHS) | GG net debt (LHS) | GG balance (RHS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 52.443769532787 | 42.4665472228843 | -1.35311985478822 |
| 2022 | 42.9426639235286 | 35.5919793141056 | 1.68325147052816 |
| 2023 | 41.7508706521448 | 33.8562245897598 | 1.48038390743718 |
| 2024 | 38.2697631237223 | 27.5357248462259 | 4.16546574931756 |
| Table 1.2 General Government Finances Main Aggregates | ||||||
| Balance | Gross Debt | Net Debt | ||||
| Year | €bn | % GDP | €bn | % GDP | €bn | % GDP |
| 2021 | -6.1 | -1.4 | 235.2 | 52.4 | 190.4 | 42.5 |
| 2022 | 8.8 | 1.7 | 223.6 | 42.9 | 185.3 | 35.6 |
| 2023 | 7.8 | 1.5 | 219.1 | 41.8 | 177.7 | 33.9 |
| 2024 | 23.4 | 4.2 | 215.4 | 38.3 | 155.0 | 27.5 |
Today's results are provisional. The detailed release and tables will be published on 20/10/2025. PxStat is not updated with this provisional data. It will be updated when the detailed release and tables are published.
The main Excessive Deficit Procedure (EDP) notification tables for Ireland - details of government guarantees, Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) and concessions and tables showing the impact of government interventions in the financial sector - will be published on 21/10/2025, the same day as Eurostat's EDP statistics release.
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Note on Revision to General Government Debt
This release contains a downward revision to the overall General Government Debt (GGD) levels as reported in the Government Finance Statistics April 2025 release.
This revision is due to a review of the recording of the Capital Advance Leasing Facility (CALF). The CALF is a facility which is exclusively available to Approved Housing Bodies (AHBs) to support them in borrowing from private lenders or the Housing Finance Agency (HFA). The CSO undertook this review of the statistical recording of the CALF scheme earlier this year as part of ongoing quality assurance processes which include engagement with stakeholders and liaison groups. It has now been established that funding issued under the CALF is via a loan from central government to local authorities who then on-lend to AHBs, and is not accessed from the private sector. The impact of this finding is a downward revision of GGD as shown below (see Table 1.1). There is no impact on the General Government surplus / deficit (B.9).
For more information see attached FAQ. More detail will also be available in the Final Government Finance Statistics 2024 Annual Results due out on 20 October 2025.