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Average Wages in FDI Enterprises

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Figure 4.1 shows that Irish multinational enterprises (MNEs) pay more, on average, than the average wage of foreign-controlled MNEs with ownership from other countries. The graph principally shows that multinational firms pay a significant premium over domestic firms. 

Foreign Owned MNEsIrish MNEDomestic Firm
201244.537985635552746.46744442230.975239711
201345.2149437923147.30279299631.102842194
201446.461975417299949.31497074831.232481162
201547.916465576990751.04856310431.776378119
201649.194072259349754.4782753132.365747453
201750.401949378821557.48189758833.425253416

In Figure 4.2, the average wages of foreign-owned affiliates are broken down further into the regional ownership of the affiliate. Superimposed on this figure, is the average domestic wage and the wage of Irish MNEs.

AmericasEuropeAsiaIrish MNEDomestic Firm
201253.247118282083238.378040882400752.402759558338844.537985635552730.975239711
201354.55255207028538.410352223626853.35237337461345.2149437923131.102842194
201456.648096176159239.163650787191755.738395266272246.461975417299931.232481162
201559.419849580007539.616490728420158.699459628210647.916465576990731.776378119
201661.178625081751540.353984292307560.086883751651349.194072259349732.365747453
201763.084754459271640.977463064872261.323548511645350.401949378821533.425253416

 In Figure 3.4 in the previous chapter, it shows that the United Kingdom and Germany have a greater proportion of employees in the retail sector; these proportions drive the average European MNE wage down due to the fact that these sectors have the lowest average wages (Figure 4.5). Figure 4.3 shows that average wages in affiliates with ownership in Europe, with the exception of Luxembourg, were less than in Irish MNEs.

Luxembourg United KingdomGermanyNetherlandsFranceSwitzerlandIrish MNEIrish Domestic Wage
201249.288199740409633.945345650621541.91229336481741.785911451911244.073179275637346.011550902804546.46744442230.975239711
201352.823459324155233.312446289250642.487269823289541.955650946899444.65569962565145.249968591566747.30279299631.102842194
201456.009774702823234.174969968323642.506148103363343.300539428656445.495764833924545.433480121635349.31497074831.232481162
201558.18009517477234.669199042991242.059335429026845.149161525344945.221953502647146.406229584793551.04856310431.776378119
201655.89913419519335.348175774801743.560445680819945.102628018948545.993517648829745.869311316172954.4782753132.365747453
201757.762697714983435.753119411466844.076134919361346.772851555032746.625653712162345.011201870686557.48189758833.425253416

Figure 4.4 shows the average wages in affiliates controlled in non-European significant investor countries.

United States CanadaJapanIrish MNEDomestic Firm
201253.70620694181846.719331411312555.982787648612946.46744442230.975239711
201355.044778888444647.126824373768656.665250145942847.30279299631.102842194
201457.182442873379148.975444700460858.891934541520249.31497074831.232481162
201560.048954997489649.823451374519760.624411131059251.04856310431.776378119
201661.904473629518648.938629458208563.084862851737954.4782753132.365747453
201763.733617051389251.673043664612964.81147427195157.48189758833.425253416

Except for the average wages paid by Canadian-controlled MNEs, the average wages in Figure 4.4 are all higher than the average wage paid by the Irish MNEs. Notably, average wages from US-owned affiliates have risen significantly in recent years.

Table 4.1 Percentage Change in Wages of Ireland’s main FDI Investors, 2012-2017 %
CountryWage Growth
United States18.7
Canada10.6
Japan15.8
United Kingdom5.3
Germany5.1
Luxembourg17.2
Netherlands11.9
France5.8
Switzerland-2.2
Irish MNE23.7
Domestic Firm8

Figure 4.5 shows the average wage in foreign-controlled affiliates by activity sector.

ManufacturingInformation and CommunicationsAdmin and Support ServicesRetailScientific and Techinical ActivitiesFinancial and Insurance Activites
201249.974473836141360.328511287758330.690364168029232.120653437592254.054538641078858.8249001213714
201351.230063556520962.630444097527730.981604557597632.269503694887355.431505196565758.6594174346578
201452.569896722101766.188877900415632.311489638238732.959070110701155.980879541250558.9898605912062
201554.505942097703270.213607295541633.691391097829533.922900454788358.526314228516358.8491597145993
201655.482389794240872.185441681832835.244865713944734.839881872184959.611488192182460.6930188546298
201755.509145615919876.044548184972336.820334015927235.556787799167562.953930326762161.9039305181335

The percentage change of these sectoral wages can be seen below in Table 4.2. These figures give an indication of the specific labour demands in Ireland. The information and communications sector’s wage has increased over 25% during the period described.

Table 4.2 Wage Growth by Sector 2012-2017
MNE ActivityWages (% change)
Manufacturing11.1
Information and Communications26.1
Admin and Support Services20.0
Retail10.7
Scientific and Technical Activities16.1
Financial and Insurance Activities5.2

Figure 4.6 shows wage growth plotted against foreign direct investment positions across various sectors. 

Manufacturing (right axis)Retail (right axis)Information and Communications (right axis)Financial and Insurance Activities (right axis)Scientific and Technical Activities (right axis)Admin and Support Services (right axis)Manufacturing (left axis)Retail (left axis)Information and Communications (left axis)Financial and Insurance Activites (left axis)Scientific and Techinical Services (left axis)Admin and Support Services (left axis)
201269.129762611.33871658413.22983748139.216647194.96194240849.76697445849.974473836141332.120653437592260.328511287758358.824900121371454.054538641078830.6903641680292
201381.23135538710.1216524912.508866577138.583481714.4300443145.93631551651.230063556520932.269503694887362.630444097527758.659417434657855.431505196565730.9816045575976
201478.01632063616.5529996614.61003019150.543539916.26243625963.75966862352.569896722101732.959070110701166.188877900415658.989860591206255.980879541250532.3114896382387
2015341.3361409615.97736704921.551553486217.18052239106.7550902489.82984152654.505942097703233.922900454788370.213607295541658.849159714599358.526314228516333.6913910978295
2016321.4322570717.26087176419.262512815242.33865874130.8832373763.61841001655.482389794240834.839881872184972.185441681832860.693018854629859.611488192182435.2448657139447
2017274.2145158643.30335736.210639829232.6655793596.7903655558.78268874655.509145615919835.556787799167576.044548184972361.903930518133562.953930326762136.8203340159272

Next Chapter >> FDI and Gender